Reinforcement calculation of concrete slab in concrete faced rockfill dams
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摘要: 混凝土面板应力变形安全是面板堆石坝工程的关键，然而传统面板坝分析方法大多未考虑面板的配筋效应，实际面板配筋方案制定缺乏理论依据。提出了基于限裂理念的混凝土面板配筋计算方法：采用非协调网格计算技术精细模拟混凝土面板应力，采用钢筋埋置单元模拟钢筋加固作用，采用损伤模型模拟混凝土材料损伤开裂行为，通过引入与几何尺寸、钢筋应力相关的裂缝宽度公式实现混凝土面板限裂配筋计算。提出的方法可定量研究面板限裂配筋，为复杂条件下面板坝配筋设计提供理论依据。文中以正在施工建设的大石峡特高面板坝为例，初步研究了该坝的面板配筋方案。Abstract: The stress and deformation safety of the concrete slab is crucial to the concrete faced rockfill dams (CFRDs), however, most of the traditional methods do not consider the effects of the reinforcement in slab, therefore, the calculated results can not provide enough information to the design of slab reinforcement. In this study, a method for calculating the slab reinforcement based on the concept of crack width limit is proposed: the non-coordinated grid computing technology is used to refinedly simulate the stress of the concrete slab, the embedded steel element is used to simulate the reinforcement effects, and the damage model is used to simulate the cracking of the slab concrete. By introducing a formula for crack width related to geometric size and rebar stress, and setting the crack width limit, the reinforcement calculation is realized. The proposed method can be used to quantitatively study the slab reinforcement and provide a theoretical basis for reinforcement design under complex conditions. The Dashixia CFRD under construction is taken as an example and its slab reinforcement design is preliminarily studied.
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图 13 不同计算模型1640 m高程面板轴向应力比较
Figure 13. Comparison of axial stresses at elevation 1640 m by different models
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图 14 蓄水运行期面板受拉损伤参数dt分布
Figure 14. Tensile damage factor dt of slab during operation period
表 1 筑坝料“南水”模型参数
Table 1 Parameters of "NHRI" model
坝体分区 ρd/(g·cm-3) φ0/(°) Δφ/(°) k n Rf cd/% nd Rd 垫层区（2A） 2.31 49.3 5.9 920 0.29 0.67 0.49 0.45 0.65 主砂砾石区（3BA、3BB） 2.27 50.1 6.3 1294 0.32 0.74 0.30 0.67 0.72 主堆石区（3BC、3C2） 2.22 53.2 9.0 1104 0.22 0.65 0.40 0.72 0.64 下游堆石区（3C1） 2.22 52.6 8.7 1044 0.21 0.66 0.46 0.70 0.66 增模区 2.28 69.1 17.9 0.14 3928.7 0.35 0.08 0.44 0.11 
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表 2 筑坝料流变模型参数
Table 2 Parameters of creep model
坝体分区 α b /% c/% d /% m1 m2 m3 垫层区（2A） 0.006 0.130 0.028 0.277 0.355 0.600 0.700 主砂砾区（3BA、3BB） 0.0062 0.114 0.025 0.241 0.351 0.578 0.696 主堆石料区（3BC、3C2） 0.0055 0.138 0.030 0.363 0.358 0.629 0.783 下游堆石区（3C1） 0.0054 0.140 0.032 0.365 0.358 0.629 0.783
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表 3 混凝土损伤模型参数
Table 3 Parameters for damage model
Ec/104 MPa fcr/MPa εcr αc ftr/MPa εtr αt 3.0 20.1 1.470×10-3 0.74 2.01 9.5×10-5 1.25
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表 4 不同配筋方案面板裂缝宽度
Table 4 Cracks width under different reinforcements scheme
配筋加强区Ⅰ 配筋加强区Ⅱ 水平向配筋率/% 纵向裂缝最大宽度/mm 顺坡向配筋率/% 水平向最大裂缝宽/mm 原方案 0.587 0.32 0.587 0.24 加强方案 0.783 0.20 0.691 0.18
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