Experimental evaluation of performance of compaction-grouted soil nails using geotextile
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摘要: 针对乳胶膜式压密注浆土钉的潜在缺陷，提出了采用土工织物替代乳胶膜改进该土钉的新思路。首先，基于自研的土工织物反滤性能测定装置，开展了一系列水泥浆液反滤试验，研究了水灰比、浆液体积和注浆压力对土工织物反滤性能的影响，得到了注浆过程中上述影响因素影响下反滤时间和水灰比的变化规律。其次，对反滤前/后的砂土进行了贯入试验，评估了由于浆液中黏性物质入渗引起的周围土体强度提高。再次，对反滤前/后的水泥试块进行了单轴压缩试验，探明了节泡（水泥试块）强度显著提高的原因是土工织物反滤过程中节泡内水灰比的降低。最后，开展了土工织物和乳胶膜式压密注浆土钉的两组对比拉拔试验，验证了土工织物改进压密注浆土钉的优越性。研究成果能为压密注浆土钉的优化和应用奠定基础。Abstract: A new idea that adopts a geotextile instead of a latex membrane to improve the performance of a pressure-grouted soil nail is proposed. First, based on the self-developed device for testing filtration performance of the geotextile, a series of cement slurry filtration tests are carried out to study the influences of the water-cement ratio, slurry volume and grouting pressure on its filtration performance. The variations in the filtration time and water-cement ratio under the changes in the aforementioned influencing factors during pressure grouting are obtained. Second, a series of penetration tests on the surrounding sands before and after filtration tests are conducted, and the strength improvement due to the infiltration of cohesive substances from grout slurry is subsequently evaluated. Third, the uniaxial compression tests are carried out on the cement blocks before and after the filtration tests, and it is found that the strength of the grout bulb (cement block) largely increases because the water-cement ratio in the grout bulb is significantly reduced during the filtration of the geotextile. Finally, two series of pull-out tests on the compaction-grouted soil nails with a geotextile and a latex membrane are carried out to verify the superiority of improving the compaction-grouted soil nails by the geotextile. This study is helpful for the optimization and application of the compaction-grouted soil nails by using the geotextile.
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Keywords:
- compaction-grouted soil nail /
- geotextile /
- water-cement ratio /
- slurry volume /
- grouting pressure
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图 5 不同初始水灰比下水灰比随时间的变化
Figure 5. Variation of water-cement ratio with time under different initial water-cement ratios
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图 7 不同水灰比下贯入应力随深度的变化
Figure 7. Variation of penetration stress with depth under different water-cement ratios
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图 9 不同浆液体积下水灰比随时间的变化
Figure 9. Variation of water-cement ratio with time under different slurry volumes
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图 10 不同浆液体积下贯入应力随深度的变化
Figure 10. Variation of penetration stress with depth under different slurry volumes
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图 12 不同注浆压力下水灰比随时间的变化
Figure 12. Variation of water-cement ratio with time under different grouting pressures
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图 13 不同注浆压力下贯入应力随深度的变化
Figure 13. Variation of penetration stress with depth under different grouting pressures
表 1 水泥的相关参数
Table 1 Related parameters of cement
相关参数 细度（45 um）/% 比表面积/(m2·kg-1) 烧失量/% 初凝/min 终凝/min 数值 10.8 33.5 3.54 178 228 
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表 2 土工织物的相关参数
Table 2 Related parameters of geotextile
相关参数 克重/(g·m-2) 厚度/mm 断裂强力/(kN·m-1) 等效孔径/mm 幅宽偏差/% 数值 300 2.2 15 0.07~0.2 -0.5
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表 3 砂的物理性质参数
Table 3 Related parameters of sand
相关参数 相对质量密度 最大干密度/(g·cm-3) 最小干密度/(g·cm-3) 数值 2.67 1.70 1.42
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表 4 反滤试验方案
Table 4 Test schemes for filtration
影响因素 水灰比 浆液体积/(10-3·m3) 注浆压力/kPa 初始干密度/(g·cm-3) 初始含水率/% 水灰比 0.4 4 200 1.460 0 0.5 0.6 0.7 浆液体积/(10-3·m3) 0.5 2 200 1.460 0 3 4 5 6 注浆压力/kPa 0.5 4 100 1.460 0 200 300 400 500
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表 5 小型贯入试验方案
Table 5 Test schemes for small-scale penetration
影响因素 水灰比 浆液体积/(10-3·m3) 注浆压力/kPa 初始干密度/(g·cm-3) 初始含水率/% 砂样经过反滤（土工织物） 0.4 4 200 1.460 0 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 2 200 1.460 0 3 4 5 6 0.5 4 100 1.460 0 200 300 400 500 砂样未经反滤（乳胶膜） — — — 1.460 0 1.460 4 1.505 1.529 1.548 1.561 1.570
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