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黄河三角洲北部岸滩蚀积演变特征研究

杨忠年, 单红仙, 贾永刚, 孟祥梅, 郑杰文

杨忠年, 单红仙, 贾永刚, 孟祥梅, 郑杰文. 黄河三角洲北部岸滩蚀积演变特征研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2011, 33(zk1): 152-162.
引用本文: 杨忠年, 单红仙, 贾永刚, 孟祥梅, 郑杰文. 黄河三角洲北部岸滩蚀积演变特征研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2011, 33(zk1): 152-162.
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YANG Zhong-nian, SHAN Hong-xian, JIA Yong-gang, MENG Xiang-mei, ZHENG Jie-wen. Erosion-deposition evolution characteristics of north beach in Yellow River Delta[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2011, 33(zk1): 152-162.
Citation: YANG Zhong-nian, SHAN Hong-xian, JIA Yong-gang, MENG Xiang-mei, ZHENG Jie-wen. Erosion-deposition evolution characteristics of north beach in Yellow River Delta[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2011, 33(zk1): 152-162.
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黄河三角洲北部岸滩蚀积演变特征研究  English Version

  • 1. 中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院，山东 青岛 266100 ; 2. 中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室，山东 青岛 266100 ; 3. 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所，山东 青岛 266061

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(40876042 ； 41072215)；国家 863
详细信息
    作者简介:

    杨忠年 (1985 – ) ，男，甘肃金昌人，硕士，主要从事海洋地质及海岸带环境方面的研究工作。

  • 中图分类号: TU47

Erosion-deposition evolution characteristics of north beach in Yellow River Delta

  • 1. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; 2.Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; 3. The First Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Qingdao 266061, China

摘要

    摘要
  • 摘要: 黄河三角洲北部废弃叶瓣在黄河改道清水沟流路之后，形成了典型的浪蚀性岸滩，岸线蚀退明显，但对其蚀积演变特征与各种影响因素间的关系尚未形成系统认识。因此于 2008 年 12 月至 2009 年 12 月期间，以黄河三角洲北部车子沟渔村附近岸滩为例，进行了 10 余次现场测量，获取了准确的岸滩演变数据。同时收集了岸滩测量期间的波浪等气象水文数据，对不同时期研究区岸滩的侵蚀淤积的演变特征进行分析，研究了波浪、风暴潮、海平面相对上升及海冰等要素与岸滩蚀积演变之间的关系，探讨了研究区岸滩的蚀积演变特征。结果表明：黄河三角洲北部岸线仍处于强侵蚀状态，日平均蚀退速率最高达 56.6 cm/d ，且岸线蚀退具季节性特征，岸线蚀退在春秋季节快于夏季和冬季；滩面蚀积过程和水动力条件关系非常密切，呈现出侵蚀淤积交替出现的状态，风暴潮有可能引起滩面的强烈淤积；海平面上升对岸滩蚀积的影响不明显，这主要是由于夏季水动力条件较弱所致，夏季海平面相对上升幅度最大而岸线蚀退速率不大，滩面在夏季也基本上处于收支平衡状态；海冰削弱了水动力条件对岸滩的作用，对岸滩起到了一定的保护作用；研究还发现岸线和滩面的蚀积过程并不同步，也不简单的符合传统的 “ 冬冲夏淤 ” 的规律。
    Abstract: The north abandoned lobe of the Yellow River Delta has become a kind of typical beach strongly eroded by waves after the Yellow River estuary changing to Qingshuigou flow path. However, the relationships between evolution characteristics and influencing factors of the beach erosion are not very clear to us. Accurate data about beach evolution were achieved by ten in-situ measurements which were taken from the abandoned lobe beach in the north of the Yellow River Delta from December 2008 to December 2009 meanwhile the weather and hydrology data were also collected. Based on these data, the beach evolution character and the relationships among influencing factors such as waves, storm tides, sea-level-rising, sea-ice and so on are analyzed. The results show that: (1) the north line of Yellow River Delta is at a strong-eroding state that the erosion rate can reach almost 56.6 cm per day and the erosion takes on a seasonal characteristic that the erosion is much stronger in spring and autumn; (2) the beach erosion-deposition process has a close connection with the hydrodynamic conditions that erosion and deposition appear alternately and a strong deposition can be caused by a storm tide surge; (3) sea level has the biggest rising rate while the beach erosion is not so obvious through which we can tell that the sea level rising has a little effect on beach erosion; (4) the sea ices which have a hydrodynamics-weakening function contribute a protective role in the beach; (5) the erosion-deposition process is not synchronous and does not just simply obey the law “erosion in winter and deposition in summer”.
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  • 收稿日期:  2011-04-28
  • 发布日期:  2011-11-30

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