Abstract: This study addresses discrete foundation treatment problems in soil-rock mixtures by proposing a pneumatic vibratory probe compaction method based on the Brazil nut effect(BNE), to fill the theoretical gap in engineering applications of BNE for ground improvement. By introducing a 120 kW variable-frequency vibration hammer combined with 3 MPa high-pressure gas jet technology, a dual-mode energy regulation strategy of "high-frequency, high-pressure penetration – low-frequency compaction" is established to verify the effect of vibration parameters on structural reconfiguration of the discrete medium. Field experiments demonstrate that a vibration intensity Γ > 4.77 (frequency ≥10 Hz, amplitude = 12 mm) can effectively activate BNE. The 15 Hz high-frequency vibration increases dynamic penetration count in shallow layers by 275.6%, while reducing lifting speed to 0.2 m/min significantly enhances coarse particle enrichment compared with high-speed lifting. Post-treatment foundations achieve a bearing capacity characteristic value of 476 kPa, and the additional collapsibility ΔF_s is reduced from 108.61 mm to 3.96 mm. The research confirms that this method can induce structural segregation and reconstruction through vibration energy, forming a dual-layer architecture characterized by an interlocked coarse-grained framework in the upper part and densely compacted fine particles in the lower part, which provides theoretical support and an engineering paradigm for heterogeneous foundation treatment with stone content below 60%.