Design method for seismic centrifugal model tests on liquid-storgae tank-pile group interaction
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摘要: LNG储罐作为国家重要的战略能源储备工程，正快速向超高容量、超大直径、半地下化趋势发展，并对抗震安全性要求极高。针对离心模型试验规格尺寸限制，提出一种以储罐自振周期、晃动周期和抗弯刚度为主要控制参数的LNG储罐试验设计方法，并以原型为27万m3的大型储罐开展了相应动力离心试验，验证了设计方法的合理性并分析了其地震响应。结果表明：试验得到的自振周期与规范计算值较为接近，误差为5.6%，验证了该试验设计方法的可靠性；储液晃动频率与荷载幅值变化关系不大，主要与储罐形状、液面高度有关，储液晃动波高与荷载幅值呈现明显正相关；桩基础可以提升LNG储罐的安全性，相同荷载激励下，有桩储罐比无桩储罐晃动波高减小约8.2%。Abstract: The LNG storage tank is a significant national strategic energy reserve project, rapidly developing towards ultra-high capacity, ultra-large diameter and semi-underground, with extremely high seismic safety requirements. In this study, aiming at the size limitations of the centrifugal model test specifications, a design method for seismic centrifugal model tests on LNG storage tanks is proposed, which takes the natural vibration period, sloshing period and bending stiffness of the tanks as the main control parameters. The dynamic centrifugal model tests are carried out on a large storage tank with a prototype of 270000 m3, the rationality of the design method is verified, and the seismic response of the storage tank is analyzed. The results indicate the natural vibration period of the storage tank obtained by the tests is close to the value of the specification, differing by 5.4%, which verifies the reliability of the test design method. The sloshing frequency of the liquid storage has little relationship with the change of the load amplitude, mainly relates to the shape of the tank, liquid level height, while the liquid sloshing wave height and the load amplitude show a significant positive correlation. The pile foundation can improve the safety of the LNG storage tanks, and under the same load excitation, the sloshing wave height of the piled tanks is reduced by about 8.2% compared with that of the unpiled tanks.
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图 1 DCIEM-40-300大型离心机振动台系统
Figure 1. Shaking table test system of DCIEM-40-300 centrifuge
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图 5 储罐加速度傅里叶变换谱比
Figure 5. Fourier transform acceleration spectral ratios of storage tank
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图 7 不同幅值荷载作用下储液晃动波高
Figure 7. Sloshing wave heights of liquid storage under different amplitude loads
表 1 试验模型参数
Table 1 Parameters of test model
结构 参数指标 原型 模型 罐体 外径/m 96 0.4 壁高/m 47 0.28 壁厚/mm 30 5 自振周期/s 0.575 0.01145 群桩 外径/mm 500 15.0 内径/mm 300 13.6 抗弯刚度/(N·m2) 1.708×109 277.846 
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表 2 规范计算周期与试验周期对比
Table 2 Comparison between calculated and test periods
GB 50341 GB 50761 API STD 650-2013 Haroun-Housner力学模型 试验结果 4.90 s 4.83 s 4.80 s 4.92 s 5.00 s
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