岩体交叉裂隙几何特征对溶质运移的影响

乔丽苹; 庞利磊; 王者超; 任梦梓

doi:10.11779/CJGE20240134

岩体交叉裂隙几何特征对溶质运移的影响 English Version

乔丽苹^{1, 2,},
庞利磊¹,
王者超^{1, 2},
任梦梓¹

1.
辽宁省油气地下储存工程研究中心, 辽宁沈阳 110004
2.
东北大学资源与土木工程学院, 辽宁沈阳 110819

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目 42177157

辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目 2023JH2/101300153

辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目 2022JH2/101300127

辽宁省科学技术计划项目 2023JH1/10400003

沈阳市科学技术计划项目 23-407-3-25

沈阳市科学技术计划项目 22-322-3-17

详细信息

作者简介:
乔丽苹(1982—)，女，博士，副教授，主要从事岩土工程方面的教学与研究工作。E-mail：qiaoliping@mail.neu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TU452
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-02-18
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-11
- 刊出日期: 2025-05-31

Influences of geometric characteristics of intersecting fractures in rock mass on solute transport

1.
Liaoning Provincial Research Center on Underground Storage Engineering, Shenyang 110004, China
2.
School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China

摘要

摘要: 交叉裂隙溶质运移特征是岩体裂隙网络溶质运移的基础。对流与水动力弥散是非反应性溶质运移的主要控制机制，佩克莱数被用来评估两者在非反应性溶质运移过程中的占比影响。通过改变注入流体的流速，改变交叉裂隙的粗糙度、交叉角、开度比等几何特征，采用有限元数值分析获得了佩克莱数与交叉裂隙几何特征对溶质运移特性的影响规律。研究表明：随流体流速增大，溶质运移由弥散主导转向对流主导，实际工程中全面考虑弥散效应有助于准确评估交叉处溶质的混合程度；粗糙度仅影响溶质到达出口处的运移时间；交叉角、开度比通过影响溶质分子扩散到不同出口分支的概率、优势流的流动路径，显著改变了交叉处溶质的混合程度；不同流量比通过影响交叉处流向出口分支的优势流位置，影响了交叉处溶质的混合。研究结论可为油气地下储存、垃圾填埋、核废料处置等地下工程中地下水污染物的防控治理提供理论依据。
- 交叉裂隙 /
- 溶质运移 /
- 佩克莱数 /
- 水动力弥散
Abstract: The solute transport characteristics of intersecting fracture are the basis of solute transport in fractured rock mass. The advection and hydrodynamic dispersion are the main controlling mechanisms of non-reactive solute transport, and the Péclet number is used to evaluate their proportions in the process of non-reactive solute transport. By changing the flow velocity of the injected fluid and the geometric characteristics of the intersecting fracture such as roughness, intersecting angle and aperture ratio, the influences of the Péclet number and geometric characteristics of intersecting fracture on solute transport characteristics are obtained through the finite element numerical analysis. The results show that with the increase of the fluid flow velocity, the solute transport changes from dispersion-dominated to advection-dominated. By comprehensively considering the dispersion effects in practical engineering, it is helpful to accurately evaluate the mixing degree of solute at the intersection. The roughness primarily affects the solute migration time towards outlets. The intersecting angle and aperture ratio significantly alter the mixing degree of solute at the intersections by affecting the probability of solute molecules diffusing to different outlet branches and the flow path of the dominant flow. Different flow ratios also affect the mixing of solutes at the intersection by influencing the positions of the dominant flow towards the outlet branches. The research conclusions can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of groundwater pollutants in underground engineering such as oil and gas underground storage, landfill and nuclear waste disposal.
- intersecting fracture /
- solute transport /
- Péclet number /
- hydrodynamic dispersion

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图 1 四分支交叉裂隙示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of four-branch intersecting fracture

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图 2 M_r与裂隙分支纵横比的关系

Figure 2. Relationship between M_r and aspect ratio of fracture branch

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图 3 无量纲量ad和混合比M_r与Pe数的关系

Figure 3. Relationship among ad, Mr and Pe number

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图 4 M_r与注入流体流速的关系

Figure 4. Relationship between M_r and flow velocity of injected fluid

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图 5 M_r与JRC关系

Figure 5. Relationship between M_r and JRC

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图 6 低Pe下分支3出口浓度随时间归一化曲线图

Figure 6. Normalized curve of concentration of outlet 3 over time at low Pe

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图 7 典型Pe下分支3出口浓度随时间归一化曲线图

Figure 7. Normalized curve of concentration of outlet 3 over time at typical Pe

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图 8 高Pe下分支3出口浓度随时间归一化曲线图

Figure 8. Normalized curve of concentration of outlet 3 over time at high Pe

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图 9 裂隙段内流体流速云图

Figure 9. Clouds of flow velocity in fracture section

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图 10 混合比M_r与交叉角θ_{1, 4}的关系

Figure 10. Relationship between M_r and θ_{1, 4}

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图 11 不同交叉角下交叉处几何形态图

Figure 11. Geometric shapes of intersections at different intersecting angles

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图 12 开度比δ_e对交叉裂隙溶质运移的影响

Figure 12. Influences of δ_e on solute transport in intersecting fractures

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图 13 典型Pe数下各出口分支流量与开度比关系

Figure 13. Relationship between flow and aperture ratio of each outlet branch under typical Pe number

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图 14 交叉处浓度分布图

Figure 14. Concentration distribution at intersections

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图 15 不同流量比δ_q对交叉裂隙溶质运移的影响

Figure 15. Influences of different flow ratios δ_q on solute transport in intersecting fractures

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表 1 计算参数

Table 1 Computational parameters

参数	取值
流体密度ρ/(kg·m^-3)	9.997×10²
动力黏性系数μ(Pa·s)	1.307×10^-3
分子扩散系数D_m/(m²·s^-1)	2.03×10^-9
纵向弥散度 ${\alpha _{\text{L}}}$ /m	1×10^-6

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表 2 模型变量表

Table 2 Model variables

变量符号	物理意义	下标取值	单位
q_i	第i分支流体流量	i = 1，2，3，4	m³/s
c_i	第i分支溶质浓度	i = 1，2，3，4	mol/m³
v_i	第i分支平均流速	i = 1，2，3，4	m/s
e_i	第i分支平均开度	i = 1，2，3，4	mm
l_i	第i分支长度	i = 1，2，3，4	mm

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表 3 工况设置

Table 3 Setting of working conditions

工况组	粗糙度JRC	交叉角θ_{1, 4}/(°)	开度/mm
工况组	粗糙度JRC	交叉角θ_{1, 4}/(°)	${e_1}$	${e_2}$
Pe数	光滑	90	0.1	0.1
粗糙度	光滑，3.9 5.2，8.1 10.5，13.1 14.7，18.8	90	0.1	0.1
交叉角	光滑	$5k,1\le k\le 35且k\in Z$	0.1	0.1
开度比	光滑	90	0.1	1
			0.1	0.5
			0.2	0.5
			0.1	0.2
			0.4	0.5
			0.1	0.1
			0.2	0.1
			0.5	0.2
			0.6	0.2
			0.5	0.1
			1	0.1

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