Effects of pile length on settlement of root pile-net composite foundation by centrifugal model tests
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摘要: 某码头堆场软土地基发生了推移，采用树根桩网复合地基进行加固。通过土工离心模型试验研究超大荷载下桩长对树根桩网复合地基沉降特性的影响，试验模拟了地基、树根桩、加筋垫层、防尘网和轨道梁基础、矿石堆载等，分析了超大荷载作用下不同桩长复合地基沉降变化规律。试验结果表明，复合地基表面沉降呈锅形分布，沉降随桩长的增加而减小，分布形状变尖，等长桩沉降远大于设计桩长，分布形状更尖。设计桩长桩网复合地基在350 kPa荷载作用下2 a责任期沉降满足控制在80 cm以内的使用要求，表明树根桩的布置方案合理、可行。Abstract: For the slip of the soft soil foundation in the storage yard of a wharf, the root pile-net composite foundation is used for reinforcement. The geotechnical centrifugal model tests are carried out to study the effects of pile length on settlement characteristics of the root pile-net composite foundation under super-large loads. The foundation, root piles, reinforced cushion, dust net foundation, track beam foundation and ore loads are simulated in the tests. The settlement variation laws of composite foundation with different pile lengths are analyzed the under super-large loads. The surface settlement of the composite foundation is distributed in a pan shape. The settlement decreases with the increase of the pile length, and the distribution shape becomes sharp. The settlement of the equal-length pile scheme is far greater than that of the design length pile scheme, and the distribution shape is sharper. The settlement of the pile-net composite foundation with the design pile length meets the use requirements of controlling within 80 cm under the loads of 350 kPa in two years. The test results show that the arrangement scheme of root piles is reasonable and feasible.
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图 3 设计桩长复合地基表面沉降过程线
Figure 3. Surface settlement-time curves of composite foundation for design pile length
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图 4 设计桩长复合地基表面沉降分布
Figure 4. Distribution of surface settlement of composite foundation for design pile length
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图 5 不同桩长两年责任期复合地基表面沉降分布
Figure 5. Distribution of surface settlement of composite foundation for different pile lengths in two years
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图 6 复合地基表面沉降随桩长的变化
Figure 6. Surface settlement-pile length curves of composite foundation
表 1 土的物理力学性质指标
Table 1 Physical and mechanical indices of soils
土名 厚度/ m 含水率/ % 密度/ (g·cm-3) 不排水强度/kPa 素填土①2 2.87 32.0 1.91 25 粉细砂②2 3.20 1.85 淤泥质黏土②1 9.90 50.8 1.72 40 粉质黏土③4 5.80 31.0 1.92 55 黏土④1、④2 42.3 1.77 67 
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表 2 设计桩长复合地基表面沉降特征值
Table 2 Characteristic values of surface settlement of composite foundation for design pile length
(单位: mm) 测点 时间节点 堆载期 试堆期 恒载365 d 恒载408 d Sa1 32 49 130 136 Sa2 222 263 375 383 Sa3 308 386 565 574 Sa4 418 514 740 754 Sa5 -34 17 122 129
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表 3 不同桩长复合地基表面沉降特征值
Table 3 Characteristic values of surface settlement of composite foundation for different pile lengths
(单位: mm) 桩长 测点 时间节点 堆载期 试堆期 恒载365 d 2 a责任期 设计桩长+2 m Sa1 25 44 125 166 Sa2 128 178 317 335 Sa3 287 352 523 543 Sa4 377 461 638 709 Sa5 19 35 97 130 设计桩长-2 m Sa1 151 160 222 263 Sa2 346 401 540 584 Sa3 423 551 747 819 Sa4 475 589 775 827 Sa5 -14 -4 48 73 等长桩 Sa1 75 90 138 158 Sa2 231 261 368 406 Sa3 313 362 509 557 Sa4 508 590 805 875 Sa5 114 129 191 217
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