Experimental study on solidification of silt through urease-producing strains induced by ultraviolet mutagenesis
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摘要: 为提高微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀（MICP）技术的固化效果，采用紫外诱变技术对产脲酶菌株进行改良，筛选出优良菌株。随后结合先拌和菌液后滴注胶结液（尿素和氯化钙）的方式，运用改良后菌株来固化粉土。通过无侧限抗压强度试验、碳酸钙含量测定和微观试验分析，来对比诱变前后菌株固化粉土的效果。结果表明：紫外诱变技术可以有效改良产脲酶菌株的性能，使菌株的脲酶活性、矿化生成的碳酸钙含量得到提高；使用紫外诱变后菌株来固化粉土，可显著提高土体的无侧限抗压强度。该研究从源头来选育优良菌株，有效提高了MICP技术的固化效果。Abstract: To improve the solidification effects of the microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology, the urease-producing strains are optimized by the ultraviolet (UV) mutagenesis. Subsequently, the modified bacterial strains are used to solidify silt by premixing bacterial with soil first and then injecting cementation solution (urea and calcium chloride) into soil. The unconfined compressive strength tests, calcium carbonate content determination and microscopic test analysis are conducted to comparatively study the curing effects of the strains before and after the UV mutagenesis. The results show that the UV mutagenesis technology can effectively improve the performance of the urease-producing bacterial strains, and increase the urease activity and the content of calcium carbonate produced by mineralization. The use of UV-induced bacterial strains to solidify silt can significantly improve the unconfined compressive strength of the soil. This study selects the excellent bacterial strains from the source and effectively improves the curing effects of the MICP technology.
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图 3 诱变前后菌株在尿素琼脂平板内的生长情况
Figure 3. Growth of strains in urea agar plate before and after mutagenesis
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图 5 诱变前后菌株碳酸钙含量变化图
Figure 5. Change in calcium carbonate content of strains before and after mutagenesis
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图 6 诱变前后菌株的OD600值与脲酶活性随时间变化情况
Figure 6. Change of OD600 value and urease activity of strains before and after mutagenesis with time
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图 7 诱变前后菌株脲酶活性与OD600值随接种代数变化情况
Figure 7. Change of urease activity and OD600 value with inoculation generation before and after mutagenesis
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图 8 不同方案下加固土柱的破坏模式
Figure 8. Failure modes of reinforced soil columns under different schemes
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图 9 改良前后菌株不同滴注轮数下土柱轴向应力与轴向应变关系
Figure 9. Relationship between axial stress and strain of soil column under different numbers of dripping wheels before and after improvement
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图 10 试验组N-0与M-25在不同滴注轮数下UCS值和碳酸钙含量的关系
Figure 10. Relationship between UCS and calcium carbonate content of test groups N-0 and M-25 under different numbers of dripping wheels
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图 11 不同碳酸钙含量对应的UCS值
Figure 11. UCS corresponding to different calcium carbonate contents
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图 12 不同试验组扫描电镜图
Figure 12. Scanning electron microscope pictures of different experimental groups
表 1 粉土的粒径分布
Table 1 Grain-size distribution of silt
粒径/mm < 2 < 1 < 0.5 < 0.25 < 0.1 < 0.074 颗粒质量百分数/% 100 99.8 98.6 97 81 60.4 
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表 2 紫外诱变脲酶菌株加固粉土试验方案
Table 2 Test schemes for reinforcement of silt by UV mutagenic urease strains
试验序号 试验方案 胶结液滴注
轮数试验编号 1 未诱变菌株N-0 1 N-0-1 3 N-0-3 5 N-0-5 7 N-0-7 2 诱变后菌株M-25 1 M-25-1 3 M-25-3 5 M-25-5 7 M-25-7 注：滴注8轮时试样滴注处开始堵塞，胶结液已无法滴注。
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表 3 诱变致死率
Table 3 Mortality rates of mutation
编号 菌落数量/个 致死率/% N-0 620 0 M-15 271 56 M-20 166 73 M-25 93 85 M-30 64 90 M-35 50 92
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