XFEM-based investigation on sliding regularities of soil slopes
-
摘要: 近年来对于边坡稳定的研究不再局限于安全系数的分析，而是越来越多地关注边坡可能的失稳模式和失稳过程，以提供更具针对性的防治建议。基于XFEM构造模拟土质边坡失稳滑裂过程的方法，将边坡失稳过程概化为滑裂面的发生、扩展和贯通的过程。采用黏聚裂缝模型和摩擦接触理论描述滑裂面上的接触行为，并设计一种扇形扩展控制域来表述滑裂面前端的应力集中和重分布行为，进而合理判断滑裂面的扩展时机和方向。模拟分析了一种人工设计土坡在坡顶堆载作用下的滑裂面扩展规律，比较了土体弹性模量和内摩擦角对于滑裂规律的影响。结果表明，所提方法可以合理有效地模拟边坡失稳滑裂过程，两种参数对于滑裂规律的影响符合一般认知，并根据模拟结果对推移式滑坡的发展速度和成层边坡的局部张拉裂缝给出了细观解释。Abstract: In recent years, the researches on slope stability are no longer limited to the analysis of safety factor, but more and more attention is paid to the possible failure modes and processes of slopes so as to provide more targeted prevention and control suggestions. It is aimed to establish a method for simulating the failure and sliding process of soil slopes based on the XFEM, in which the sliding process of slopes is generalized into the process of the initiation, expansion and connection of the sliding surface. The contact behavior of the sliding surface is described by the cohesive fracture model and the frictional contact theory, and a fan-shaped expansion control domain is designed to describe the stress concentration and redistribution behavior of the front end of the sliding surface so as to judge the expansion time and direction of the sliding surface reasonably. The expansion regularities of sliding surface of a manually designed soil slope with heap loading on the top are simulated and analyzed. The influences of elastic modulus and internal friction angle of soil on the sliding regularities are compared. The results show that the proposed method can simulate the failure and sliding process of soil slopes reasonably and effectively. The influences of the two parameters on the sliding regularities are consistent with the general cognition, and the simulated results may provide a mesoscopic explanation for the development speed of thrust-type landslide and the local tensile cracks of the stratified slopes.
-
Keywords:
- XFEM /
- thrust-type landslide /
- sliding surface /
- stratified soil slope /
- sliding regularity
-
-
![]()
图 1 被不连续界面贯穿单元及其积分示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of an element cut by discontinuous interface and its integration
![]()
图 2 边界非线性初边值问题示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of nonlinear initial boundary value problem
![]()
图 7 不同弹性模量下滑裂面深度与位移荷载的变化
Figure 7. Variation of depth of sliding surface and displacement load with elastic modulus
![]()
图 8 滑裂面深度与位移荷载随内摩擦角的变化
Figure 8. Variation of depth of sliding surface and displacement load with internal friction angle
![]()
图 9 不同内摩擦角下的滑裂面形态
Figure 9. Variation of morphology of sliding surface with internal friction angle
![]()
图 10 滑裂面扩展过程中反力的变化图
Figure 10. Variation of counter force during surface expansion of sliding
![]()
图 11 两种成层土坡不同弹性模量的计算结果
Figure 11. Calculated results of different elastic moduli of two stratified soil slopes
![]()
图 12 两种成层土坡不同内摩擦角的计算结果
Figure 12. Calculated results of different internal friction angles of two stratified soil slopes
![]()
图 13 大主应力等值线图和滑裂面发展轨迹（kPa）
Figure 13. Contours of major principal stress and trajectory of slding surface (kPa)
-
[1] SKEMPTON A W. Long-term stability of clay slopes[J]. Géotechnique, 1964, 14(2): 77-102. doi: 10.1680/geot.1964.14.2.77
[2] 卢应发, 邓国栋, 杨丽平, 等. 滑坡关键块力学行为及力传递特征和不同应力状态的稳定系数研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2014, 33(5): 884-891. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSLX201405003.htm LU Ying-fa, DENG Guo-dong, YANG Li-ping, et al. Study of mechanical behaviors of key blocks and characteristics of force transmit and stability coefficient of different stress states of landslides[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2014, 33(5): 884-891. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSLX201405003.htm
[3] 宋东日, 任伟中, 沈波, 等. 牵引式滑坡的破坏机制及其加固措施探讨: 以某高速公路牵引式滑坡为例[J]. 岩土力学, 2013, 34(12): 3587-3593. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX201312037.htm SONG Dong-ri, REN Wei-zhong, SHEN Bo, et al. Discussion on failure mechanism of retrogressive landslide and its reinforcement measures: taking a certain expressway retrogressive landslide for example[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2013, 34(12): 3587-3593. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX201312037.htm
[4] 周跃峰, 龚壁卫, 胡波, 等. 牵引式滑坡演化模式研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2014, 36(10): 1855-1862. doi: 10.11779/CJGE201410013 ZHOU Yue-feng, GONG Bi-wei, HU Bo, et al. Evolution mode of retrogressive landslide[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(10): 1855-1862. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11779/CJGE201410013
[5] 雍睿, 胡新丽, 唐辉明, 等. 推移式滑坡演化过程模型试验与数值模拟研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2013, 34(10): 3018-3027. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX201310039.htm YONG Rui, HU Xin-li, TANG Hui-ming, et al. Model testing and numerical simulation study of evolutionary process of thrust load caused landslide[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2013, 34(10): 3018-3027. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX201310039.htm
[6] 邬爱清, 丁秀丽, 李会中, 等. 非连续变形分析方法模拟千将坪滑坡启动与滑坡全过程[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2006, 25(7): 1297-1303. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2006.07.001 WU Ai-qing, DING Xiu-li, LI Hui-zhong, et al. Numerical simulation of startup and whole failure process of qianjiangping landslide using discontinuous deformation analysis method[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2006, 25(7): 1297-1303. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2006.07.001
[7] 杨光华, 钟志辉, 张玉成, 等. 滑坡灾害的机制与力学特性分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(增刊2): 4009-4017. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSLX2016S2062.htm YANG Guang-hua, ZHONG Zhi-hui, ZHANG Yu-cheng, et al. Analysis of mechanism and mechanical characteristics of landslide disaster[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2016, 35(S2): 4009-4017. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSLX2016S2062.htm
[8] 王庚荪, 孔令伟, 郭爱国, 等. 含剪切带单元模型及其在边坡渐进破坏分析中的应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2005, 24(21): 3852-3857. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2005.21.008 WANG Geng-sun, KONG Ling-wei, GUO Ai-guo, et al. Element model with shear band and its application to progressive failure analysis of slopes[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2005, 24(21): 3852-3857. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2005.21.008
[9] 唐芬, 郑颖人, 赵尚毅. 土坡渐进破坏的双安全系数讨论[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2007, 26(7): 1402-1407. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2007.07.013 TANG Fen, ZHENG Ying-ren, ZHAO Shang-yi. Discussion on two safety factors for progressive failure of soil slope[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2007, 26(7): 1402-1407. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2007.07.013
[10] CONTE E, SILVESTRI F, TRONCONE A. Stability analysis of slopes in soils with strain-softening behaviour[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2010, 37(5): 710-722. doi: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2010.04.010
[11] MOHAMMADI S, TAIEBAT H A. A large deformation analysis for the assessment of failure induced deformations of slopes in strain softening materials[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2013, 49: 279-288. doi: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2012.08.006
[12] 卢应发, 黄学斌, 刘德富. 边坡稳定分析条块力-位移法及其应用[J]. 岩土力学, 2015, 36(10): 2787-2798. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX201510007.htm LU Ying-fa, HUANG Xue-bin, LIU De-fu. Slice block force-displacement method of slope stability analysis and its application[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2015, 36(10): 2787-2798. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX201510007.htm
[13] 卢应发, 刘德富. 一种边坡渐进破坏潜在滑动面的计算方法: CN105335607A[P]. 2016-02-17. LU Ying-fa, LIU De-fu. Slope Progressive Failure Latent Slide Surface Calculating Method: CN105335607A[P]. 2016-02-17. (in Chinese)
[14] 沈华章, 王水林, 郭明伟, 等. 应变软化边坡渐进破坏及其稳定性初步研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2016, 37(1): 175-184. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX201601022.htm SHEN Hua-zhang, WANG Shui-lin, GUO Ming-wei, et al. A preliminary study of the progressive failure and stability of slope with strain-softening behaviour[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2016, 37(1): 175-184. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX201601022.htm
[15] 薛海斌, 党发宁, 尹小涛, 等. 应变软化边坡稳定性分析方法研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2016, 38(3): 570-576. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC201603026.htm XUE Hai-bin, DANG Fa-ning, YIN Xiao-tao, et al. Stability analysis methods for strain-softening slopes[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2016, 38(3): 570-576. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC201603026.htm
[16] MOËS N, DOLBOW J, BELYTSCHKO T. A finite element method for crack growth without remeshing[J]. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 1999, 46(1): 131-150. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0207(19990910)46:1<131::AID-NME726>3.0.CO;2-J
[17] FRIES T P, BELYTSCHKO T. The extended/generalized finite element method: an overview of the method and its applications[J]. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 2010, 84(3): 253-304. doi: 10.1002/nme.2914
[18] 余天堂. 扩展有限单元法: 理论、应用及程序[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2014. YU Tian-tang. Extended Finite Element Method: Theory, Application and Program[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2014. (in Chinese)
[19] 喻葭临. 土中剪切带扩展机理研究和扩展过程模拟[D]. 北京: 清华大学, 2009. YU Jia-lin. Mechanism Investigation and Numerical Simulation of Evolution of Shear Band in Soil[D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2009. (in Chinese)
[20] 王翔南. 土体裂缝演化过程的扩展有限元法模拟[D]. 北京: 清华大学, 2018. WANG Xiang-nan. XFEM Simulation of Crack Evolution in Earth Structures[D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2018. (in Chinese)
[21] PLANAS J, ELICES M, GUINEA G V, et al. Generalizations and specializations of cohesive crack models[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2003, 70(14): 1759-1776. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013794403001231
[22] 胡斌. 现代接触动力学[M]. 南京: 东南大学出版社, 2003. HU Bin. Advanced Contact Dynamics[M]. Nanjing: Southeast University Press, 2003. (in Chinese)
下载:
计量
- 文章访问数:
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量:
