Temporal-spatial distribution characteristics and prediction model of pressures around rectangular pipe jacking in sand layer
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摘要: 顶管施工中的管周压力时空分布特征是研究顶进力、摩阻力、管节结构内力、泥浆渗透规律的基础，但目前针对矩形顶管的相关研究较少。依托苏州矩形顶管工程，首先基于原位监测结果分析施工时管节顶部、侧壁、底部的压力时空分布规律，然后建立泥浆滤失过程中的管周压力预测模型，基于矩形顶管管土接触状态及受力特点提出预测函数中相关参数的求解方法，最后对比检验预测值与实测值。结果表明：管周压力在注浆-滤失过程中随时间依次经历快速增长阶段、快速下降阶段和缓慢下降阶段；管周同一深度的管周压力及变化速率基本一致，而不同深度在各阶段的管周压力、压力稳定值、变化速率有所区别；采用对数回归函数可较好拟合现场实测值，相关参数的求解考虑了土体性质、覆土埋深、地下水压力、管节自重、泥浆浮力、实际注浆压力等工程参数，适用于预测类似矩形顶管工程施工中的管周压力。Abstract: The distribution characteristics of pressures around pipes are the basis for calculating the jacking force, friction resistance, internal force and mud permeability. However, there are few researches on rectangular pipe jacking. Based on a rectangular pipe jacking project, the pressure are monitored at different locations around the pipe during construction. The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the pressures are analyzed, and the prediction model for the pressures in the process of permeability of mud is established. The method for calculating the related parameters is proposed based on the pipe-soil contact state and mechanical characteristics, and the predicted values by this model are compared with the measured ones. The results show that the pressures experience rapid growth stage, rapid decline stage and slow decline stage in the process of grouting-filtration. The pressures and change rates at the same depth are basically the same, but the pressures as well as their stability values and change rates at different depths are different. Meanwhile, the pressures at each location around the rectangular pipe conform to logarithmic regression function at mud filtration cycle. The calculation of the relevant parameters takes into account the engineering parameters such as soil properties, buried depth, groundwater pressure, pipe weight, mud buoyancy and actual grouting pressure. It is suitable for predicting the contact pressures of similar rectangular pipe jacking projects.
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图 5 不同管周位置的管周压力变化图
Figure 5. Variation of pressures at different positions around pipe
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图 6 圆形顶管的管周压力变化图
Figure 6. Variation of pressures around pipe of circular pipe jacking
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图 7 不同管周位置的压力变化速率图
Figure 7. Variation rates of pressures at different positions around pipe
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图 8 管周压力拟合函数相关参数箱型分布图
Figure 8. Box distribution of parameters of pressures around pipe for fitting function
表 1 地层基本参数
Table 1 Parameters of soil strata
代号 地层 厚度/m 含水率/% 天然密度/
(g·cm-3)孔隙比 黏聚力/
kPa内摩擦角/
(°)垂直渗透系数/
(cm·s-1)①-5 素填土 4.3 30.4 1.92 0.865 27.9 16.8 3.2×10-6 ④ 黏土 2.0 26.2 1.99 0.737 41.4 15.7 1.3×10-7 ⑤ 粉质黏土夹粉土 1.3 30.0 1.92 0.841 16.8 22.7 5.4×10-6 ⑥-1 粉砂夹粉土 4.4 30.2 1.91 0.836 4.6 31.4 1.6×10-3 ⑥-2 粉砂 4.0 28.9 1.94 0.789 3.8 33.4 2.1×10-3 ⑦ 粉质黏土 5.7 29.9 1.93 0.840 25.7 17.7 4.6×10-6 
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表 2 预测函数所需参数计算值
Table 2 Calculated values of parameters for prediction function
管节位置 PB/kPa A/kPa B/(kPa·h-1) 实际注浆压力 理论水土压力 实际注浆压力 理论水土压力 拟合值
（图 8（c）中位数）160 190 189.28 顶部 114.38 160 190 189.28 16.333 23.844 23.671 8.237 侧壁上部 80.00 24.888 31.798 31.636 14.140 侧壁中部 94.50 21.386 28.506 28.341 12.880 侧壁下部 115.00 16.169 23.695 23.522 28.090 底部 81.00 24.651 31.573 31.411 13.445
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