Performance evaluation of shield tail brushes based on compression and grease escape tests
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摘要: 盾尾密封失效事故时有发生，严重时易造成了重大涌水涌砂安全事故，已经引起工程界与学术界的高度关注。基于盾尾刷动态压缩试验和盾尾密封油脂逃逸试验结果及分析，结果表明：①动态压缩试验测试结果能较好反映盾尾刷弹塑性力学性能，大幅度节约试验时间；②随着盾尾间隙不断减小，盾尾刷贴合力、弹性系数不断增大，塑性变形占比不断增大、弹性变形占比不断减小。盾尾间隙为110 mm时弹性变形占比为90%，盾尾间隙压缩至50 mm时弹性变形占比降低到60%；③建立了盾尾间隙、盾尾油脂逃逸量与盾尾刷贴合力关系图，获得了盾尾密封系统的工作安全区域，可对盾尾密封状态有效性进行评估。建立的盾尾刷密封性能评价方法，为盾尾刷性能评价及检测提供了参考。Abstract: The failures of shield tail sealing have occurred from time to time, which may result in water and sand-gushing accidents in severe cases. This phenomenon has attracted great attention from the engineering and academic circles. According to the tests of dynamic compression and sealing grease escape of shield tail brushes, the results show that: (1) The dynamic compression tests can reflect the mechanical properties of the shield tail brushes, and save the test time greatly. (2) With the decrease of the shield tail gap, the adhesion force and elastic coefficient of the shield tail brushes increase continuously, the proportion of plastic deformation increases, and that of elastic deformation decreases. When the shield tail gap is 110 mm, the proportion of elastic deformation is 90%, and when it is compressed to 50 mm, the proportion of elastic deformation reduces to 60%. (3) The relationship among the gap, grease escape and adhesion force of shield tail is established, and the working safety area of the shield tail sealing system is obtained so as to evaluate the effectiveness of the status of shield tail sealing. The evaluation method for the performance of shield tail sealing is established, and can provide a reference for the performance evaluation and detection of the shield tail brushes.
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图 3 盾尾密封系统示意图及实物图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram and physical image of shield tail sealing system
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图 5 贴合力随下压次数变化情况
Figure 5. Variation of adhesion force of shield tail brush with number of compression
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图 6 盾尾间隙50~120 mm时贴合力变化情况
Figure 6. Variation of adhesion force of shield tail brush with shield tail gap of 50~120 mm
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图 8 油脂逃逸速度与油脂压力关系
Figure 8. Relationship between grease escape speed and grease pressure
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图 9 每环油脂逃逸量与盾尾间隙关系
Figure 9. Relationship between grease escape per ring and shield tail gap
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图 11 弹性系数与盾尾间隙关系
Figure 11. Relationship between elastic coefficient and shield tail gap
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图 14 盾尾刷塑性变形量与压缩次数关系
Figure 14. Relationship between plastic deformation of shield tail brush and number of compressions
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图 15 总塑性变形量与盾尾间隙关系
Figure 15. Relationship between total plastic deformation and shield tail gap
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图 18 油脂逃逸量与盾尾刷评价指标关系（0.6 MPa）
Figure 18. Relationship between grease consumption and evaluation parameter of shield tail brush(0.6 MPa)
表 1 盾尾刷力学性能指标
Table 1 Mechanical parameters of shield tail brush
盾尾间隙/mm 盾尾刷贴合力/N 压紧板残余高度/mm 压紧板残余角度/(°) 弹性系数/(N·mm-1) 50 1362.2 135 35.6 16 75 997.2 159 44.5 11.9 90 392 174 48 4.7 110 294 183 51.4 4.02 
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