颗粒形状和压实度对炉渣颗粒土力学特性的影响

吴杨; 黄锦盛; 崔杰; 吉本正宪

doi:10.11779/CJGE202112008

颗粒形状和压实度对炉渣颗粒土力学特性的影响 English Version

1.
广州大学土木工程学院,广东　广州　510006
2.
山口大学工学部,山口　宇部　7538511

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51908153

广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目 2021A1515012096

广州市科技计划项目 201904010278

广州市科技计划项目 202102010380

中国工程院重点咨询项目 2019-XZ-18

详细信息

作者简介:
吴杨(1985— ),男,副教授,博士,主要从事颗粒材料和天然气水合物沉积物力学性质等方面的研究。E-mail：yangwu@gzhu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
崔杰, E-mail：jcui2009@hotmail.com

中图分类号: TU43
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-02-02
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-30
- 刊出日期: 2021-11-30

Inﬂuences of particle shape and degree of compaction on shear response of clinker ash

1.
School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
2.
Faculty of Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Ube 7538511, Japan

摘要

摘要: 炉渣颗粒土是火电厂发电过程中煤炭燃烧产生的一种颗粒废弃物,近年来经常作为边坡和路基回填材料在工程建设中使用。对6种不同产地的炉渣颗粒土进行了单颗粒破碎试验,发现炉渣颗粒土的单颗粒强度显著低于天然砂土,具有较大的破碎性。随后,开展了一系列排水三轴剪切试验,研究了颗粒形状、压实度和围压对其剪切特性的影响。三轴试验结果表明,压实度可以显著提高炉渣颗粒土的初始刚度及峰值抗剪强度。相较于自然砂土,炉渣颗粒土拥有较大的峰值摩擦角,作为回填材料可提供较大的承载力。另外,炉渣颗粒土的峰值摩擦角随着围压的增大而降低。分析结果揭示颗粒形状和单颗粒强度均是影响炉渣颗粒土抗剪强度的重要因素。在不同的围压水平,两者对峰值抗剪强度的影响程度有所不同。另外,通过图像分析法获取了不同种类炉渣颗粒土的多种形状参数,发现炉渣颗粒土的圆度和球度都显著小于大部分自然砂土,表明该类颗粒材料拥有较为复杂的颗粒形状。分析结果还表明炉渣颗粒土的临界状态摩擦角与炉渣颗粒土的各个形状参数都存在一定程度的关联性。采用了一个新的能够考虑多种颗粒形状因素影响的综合指标,建立了其与临界状态强度和临界状态线位置参数的经验关系表达式。
- 颗粒形状 /
- 炉渣颗粒土 /
- 临界状态 /
- 压实度 /
- 摩擦角
Abstract: The clinker ash is a kind of granular waste produced after the combustion of coal. It has been used in slope and foundation engineering as backfill materials. The single-particle crushing tests on the clinker ash from six different origins are carried out. The results indicate that the clinker ash particles own much lower single-particle strength than the natural sands and exhibit larger crushability. A series of drained triaxial shear tests are performed on the clinker ash to examine the effects of particle shape, degree of compaction and effective confining pressure on its shear characteristics. An increase in the degree of compaction strengthens the initial stiffness and the peak shear strength of the clinker ash. Compared to the natural sands, the clinker ash possesses larger peak friction angle and provides higher bearing capacity as foundation materials. As the effective confining pressure increases, the peak friction angle of the clinker ash gradually decreases. The results suggest that both the particle shape and the single-particle strength are important factors affecting the shear strength of the clinker ash. In addition, several particle shape parameters of the clinker ash are decided using the digital image analysis method. The clinker ash has smaller roundness and sphericity indexes due to its complex particle shape. The analysis results show that the critical state friction angle is well correlated with the particle shape parameters. A general and new particle shape index is employed to correlate with the relevant parameters associated with the critical state and its position.
- particle shape /
- clinker ash /
- critical state /
- degree of compaction /
- friction angle

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图 1 炉渣颗粒土粒度分布曲线

Figure 1. Grain-size distribution curves of clinker ash

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图 2 电子显微镜下炉渣颗粒土典型颗粒图像

Figure 2. Electron scanning images of typical clinker ash grains

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图 3 炉渣颗粒土和天然砂土的平均单颗粒破碎强度

Figure 3. Mean crushing strengths of clinker ash and natural sands

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图 4 炉渣颗粒土干密度随含水率的变化规律

Figure 4. Variation in dry density of clinker ash with water content

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图 5 炉渣颗粒土在不同试验条件下的应力-应变关系曲线

Figure 5. Stress-strain curves for clinker ash under different test conditions

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图 6 不同压实度条件下炉渣颗粒土的应力-应变关系

Figure 6. Stress-strain curves for clinker ash under different degrees of compaction

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图 7 不同压实度条件下炉渣颗粒土的峰值摩擦角

Figure 7. Variation in peak friction angle of clinker ash with varying degrees of compaction

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图 8 颗粒形状参数对临界状态摩擦角的影响

Figure 8. Effects of particle shape parameters on critical state friction angle of different granular materials

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图 9 炉渣颗粒土平均规则性ρ与临界状态角的关系

Figure 9. Relationship between mean regularity of particles and critical state friction angle for clinker ash

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图 10 炉渣颗粒土的临界状态线

Figure 10. Critical state lines of clinker ash

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图 11 炉渣颗粒土和天然砂土的平均规则性ρ与临界状态线位置参数的关系

Figure 11. Relationship between mean regularity of particles and critical state line position parameters of clinker ash and other natural sands

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表 1 炉渣颗粒土物理性质

Table 1 Physical properties of clinker ash

试样	颗粒相对质量密度G_s	最大孔隙比 $e_{\max}$	最小孔隙比 $e_{\min}$	不均匀系数 $C_{u}$	平均粒径 $d_{50}$ /mm	平均单颗粒强度 $σ_{fm}$ /MPa
CA.A	2.072	1.748	0.949	20.3	0.570	4.27
CA.B	2.151	1.646	1.010	12.5	0.210	1.99
CA.C	2.173	1.618	0.883	13.8	1.300	2.56
CA.D	2.132	1.488	0.887	21.2	0.220	1.04
CA.E	2.151	1.422	0.752	26.7	0.710	4.75
CA.F	2.110	1.425	0.769	21.0	1.750	3.12

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表 2 炉渣颗粒土的颗粒形状参数

Table 2 Particle shape parameters of clinker ash

试样	圆形度R	长宽比 $A_{f}$	球度S	凹凸度C	平均规则性 $ρ$
CA.a	0.402	0.715	0.781	0.947	0.711
CA.b	0.375	0.708	0.707	0.930	0.680
CA.c	0.389	0.663	0.810	0.935	0.701
CA.d	0.414	0.645	0.801	0.949	0.702
CA.e	0.388	0.676	0.747	0.935	0.686
CA.f	0.387	0.652	0.751	0.941	0.682
CA.A	0.379	0.645	0.814	0.929	0.691
CA.B	0.366	0.684	0.822	0.916	0.697
CA.C	0.408	0.704	0.820	0.956	0.723
CA.D	0.362	0.625	0.823	0.928	0.684
CA.E	0.396	0.689	0.821	0.942	0.712
CA.F	0.384	0.714	0.817	0.945	0.715

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表 3 三轴排水剪切试验条件

Table 3 Experimental conditions for drained triaxial shear tests

试样	${σ^{'}}_{c}$ /kPa	实际压实度D_c/%			试样	${σ^{'}}_{c}$ /kPa	实际压实度D_c/%
CA.A	50	83.5	88.1	96.9	CA.D	50	83.6	87.3
	100		88	97.9		100		90.8	100.7
	200	83.4	87.4	99.1		200	85.0		101.4
CA.B	50	88.1	90.1	103.4	CA.E	50	84.6	87.7	100.1
	100		92.7	104.2		100	85.0	86.2	102.9
	200	86.0	93.7	104.9		200		90.0	98.0
CA.C	50	83.8	88.2	96.8	CA.F	50	85.0	88.9	100.3
	100			98.6		100	85.0	92.0	99.3
	200	83.0		101.0		200			99.9
注：目标压实度D_c为85%,90%,100%。

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表 4 炉渣颗粒土临界状态摩擦角与临界状态线几何参数

Table 4 Critical state friction angles and geometrical parameters of critical state line for clinker ash

试样	临界状态摩擦角 $Φ_{cs}$	截距Γ	斜率 $λ$
CA.A	39.95	1.541	0.121
CA.B	40.15	1.589	0.117
CA.C	38.82	1.596	0.097
CA.D	40.10	1.576	0.132
CA.E	39.02	1.598	0.114
CA.F	39.54	1.609	0.102
CA.a	38.77	1.619	0.098
CA.b	39.45	1.621	0.108
CA.c	39.04	1.545	0.121
CA.d	38.60	1.655	0.114
CA.e	39.16	1.591	0.111
CA.f	39.21	1.589	0.127

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