Shaking table tests on buried pipelines in inhomogeneous soil under transverse non-uniform excitation
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摘要: 为研究非均匀场地中大直径埋地管道在横向非一致激励下的地震反应,开展了埋地管道的多台阵振动台模型试验,分析了在不同地震动强度作用下埋地管道的加速度、应变响应规律。研究结果表明：均匀场地和非均匀场地中管道在横向一致、非一致激励下的加速度反应基本上服从于周围土体的加速度反应,管道主要产生了纵向弯曲变形；在横向一致激励较高加载等级下,场地变化过渡区的管道峰值应变相对较大,相比于均匀场地,非均匀场地中最大峰值弯曲拉应变高30%左右,在非一致激励作用下,非均匀场地中管道最大峰值弯曲拉应变反而低30%左右；在横向非一致激励较高加载等级下,均匀土中管道的应变响应比一致激励作用下增大两倍左右,非均匀土中管道的应变响应变化不明显。试验结果可为穿越非均匀场地大直径埋地管道的抗震设计提供参考。Abstract: A series of multi-point shaking table tests are conducted on model pipelines to investigate the seismic response of pipelines buried in inhomogeneous soil under transverse non-uniform seismic excitation. The acceleration and strain response laws of the buried pipelines under different ground motion intensities are analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: the acceleration response of the pipelines is basically subjected to the acceleration response of the surrounding soil under uniform and non-uniform excitation. The buried pipelines mainly exhibit longitudinal bending deformation. Under the higher uniform seismic excitation, the peak strain of the pipelines in the transient zone where the soil properties change in the inhomogeneous soil model is larger than that in the homogeneous soil model. The maximum peak strain is basically about 30% higher than that in the homogeneous soil, However, the maximum strain peak is basically about 30% lower than that in homogeneous soil under non-uniform excitation. The strain response of the pipelines in homogeneous soil under the higher non-uniform seismic excitation is almost twice as large as that under uniform excitation, but then the strain response of the pipelines in inhomogeneous soil does not change significantly. The test results can provide a reference for the seismic design of large-diameter buried pipelines passing through inhomogeneous soil sites.
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图 1 振动台系统及悬挂式连续体模型箱(mm)
Figure 1. Shaking table system and suspension continuum model box (mm)
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图 6 一致激励下土体与管道的加速度反应
Figure 6. Acceleration responses of soils and pipelines under uniform excitation
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图 7 非一致激励下土体与管道的加速度响应
Figure 7. Acceleration responses of soils and pipelines under non-uniform excitation
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图 8 El Centro地震动作用下均匀场地与非均匀场地中管道的应变时程曲线
Figure 8. Time-history curves of strain of pipelines in homogeneous and inhomogeneous soil sites under El Centro excitation
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图 9 管道拉伸应变峰值沿管道长度的变化曲线
Figure 9. Curve of peak tensile strain of pipelines along their length
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图 10 管道压缩应变峰值沿管道长度的变化曲线
Figure 10. Curve of peak compression strain of pipelines along their length
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图 11 管道拉伸应变峰值随加载等级变化趋势
Figure 11. Variation trend of pipeline tensile strain with loading intensity
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图 12 随加载等级增加管道压缩峰值应变的变化趋势
Figure 12. Variation trend of peak compressive strain of pipelines with loading intensity
表 1 管道的材料参数
Table 1 Material parameters of pipelines
类型 材质 弹性模量/GPa 密度/(kg·m-3) 长度/m 管径/mm 壁厚/mm 原型 钢管 210 7800 60 1500 20 模型 有机玻璃管 3.2 1200 6 150 2 
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表 2 振动台试验加载工况表
Table 2 Loading events of shaking table tests
加载等级 地震动 横向加速度峰值/g 原型 1/10模型 扫频 WN 0.05 0.05 一级加载 EL,Kobe,BJ 0.10 0.25 二级加载 EL,Kobe,BJ 0.20 0.50 三级加载 EL,Kobe,BJ 0.40 1.00 四级加载 EL,Kobe,BJ 0.62 1.55
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