Scale effect of rockfill materials and its influences on deformation and stress analysis of Aertashi CFRD
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摘要: 针对阿尔塔什混凝土面板坝工程,基于超大型三轴仪(试样直径800 mm,最大粒径为160 mm)和传统大型三轴仪(试样直径300 mm,最大粒径为60 mm)固结排水剪切试验结果,研究了筑坝材料缩尺效应及其对阿尔塔什面板坝竣工期坝体变形及应力计算的影响。主要结论有:阿尔塔什筑坝砂砾料与人工开采的灰岩爆破料变形特性的缩尺效应规律相反,砂砾料超大型三轴试验的邓肯张E-B模型模量参数k和kb约为大型三轴的1.3~1.4倍;灰岩爆破料大型三轴试验的模量参数k和kb约为超大型三轴的1.2~1.4倍。大型三轴试验的邓肯张E-B模型参数无法反映上游砂砾料与下游灰岩爆破料的变形模量差异,导致沉降计算规律与实际不符,超大型三轴试验的模型参数可以很好地反映由于上游砂砾料变形模量高于下游灰岩爆破料而产生的不均匀沉降,计算结果在分布规律及量值上相比大型三轴试验的参数更接近于实测值。Abstract: The influences of scale effect on the numerical analysis after construction stage of Aertashi CFRD are studied based on the super-large triaxial (800 mm in sample diameter and 160 mm in the maximum particle size) and commonly large triaxial (300 mm in sample diameter and 60 mm in the maximum particle size) test results. The test results show that the gravel and limestone blasting materials of Aertashi CFRD exhibit opposite trends on the deformation characteristics between the super-large triaxial and commonly large triaxial tests. For the Aertashi gravel materials, the parameters k and kb of Duncan-Chang E-B model for the super-large triaxial tests are 1.3~1.4 times those for the commonly large triaxial tests, while for the Aertashi limestone blasting materials, the parameters k and kb for the commonly large triaxial tests are 1.2~1.4 times those for the super-large triaxial tests. The parameters of Duncan-Chang E-B model for the common large triaxial tests fail to reflect the difference in the deformation moduli between the upstream gravel materials and downstream limestone blasting materials, which causes the simulated settlement to be inconsistent with the actual measurement. The simulated results by using the super-large triaxial parameters can well reflect the uneven settlement due to the different moduli between gravel and limestone blasting materials. The distribution and values of the settlement simulated by the super-large triaxial tests are much closer to the monitoring data.
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Keywords:
- rockfill dam /
- super-large triaxis /
- scale effect /
- gravel material /
- blasting material
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表 1 试验控制条件
Table 1 Control conditions in tests
材料名称 试样直径/mm 最大粒径/mm 制样干密度/(g·cm-3) 围压 /MPa 砂砾料 800 160 2.302 0.5,1.0,1.5 300 60 2.302 0.5,1.0,1.5 灰岩爆破料 800 160 2.155 0.5,1.0,1.5 300 60 2.155 0.5,1.0,1.5 表 2 不同围压下灰岩爆破料的颗粒破碎率Bm
Table 2 Variation of particle breakage Bm with confining pressure for limestone blasting materials
(%) 试验类型 /MPa 0.5 1.0 1.5 超大型三轴试验 7.6 10.2 12.8 大型三轴试验 4.8 6.4 9.6 表 3 不同围压下砂砾料的颗粒破碎率Bm
Table 3 Variation of particle breakage Bm with confining pressure for gravel materials
(%) 试验类型 /MPa 0.5 1.0 1.5 超大型三轴试验 1.9 3.9 5.6 大型三轴试验 1.6 3.2 4.8 表 4 阿尔塔什面板坝筑坝材料邓肯张E-B模型参数(不同缩尺)
Table 4 Parameters of Aertashi rockfill materials for E-B model (different model scales)
材料名称 试验设备 试样直径/mm φ0 Δφ k n Rf kb m 砂砾料 大型三轴仪 300 47.9 8.0 1320 0.45 0.82 680 0.22 超大型三轴仪 800 52.9 9.0 1750 0.50 0.85 950 0.25 灰岩爆破料 大型三轴仪 300 52.6 8.7 1150 0.40 0.82 582 0.02 超大型三轴仪 800 50.2 6.5 980 0.33 0.74 420 0.01 垫层料 大型三轴仪 300 54.3 10.3 1800 0.50 0.80 950 0.35 -
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