TJ-M1模拟火壤承载特性的研究

蒋明镜; 吕雷; 李立青; 黄伟

doi:10.11779/CJGE202010002

TJ-M1模拟火壤承载特性的研究 English Version

蒋明镜^{1, 2,},
吕雷^{1, 2},
李立青^{1, 2},
黄伟³

1.
天津大学建筑工程学院土木系,天津　300072
2.
天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点试验室,天津　300072
3.
北京空间机电研究所,北京　100076

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金重大项目 51890911

国家自然科学基金重点项目 51639008

详细信息

作者简介:
蒋明镜(1965—),男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事天然结构性黏土、砂土、非饱和土、太空土和深海能源土宏微观试验、本构模型和数值分析研究。E-mail：mingjing.jiang@tju.edu.cn

中图分类号: TU470
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-12-10
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-07
- 刊出日期: 2020-09-30

Bearing properties of TJ-M1 Mars soil simulant

JIANG Ming-jing^{1, 2,},
LÜ Lei^{1, 2},
LI Li-qing^{1, 2},
HUANG Wei³

1.
Department of Civil Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
3.
Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics & Electronics, Beijing 100076, China

摘要

摘要: 火星土壤（火壤）的研究是火星表面探测活动迈出的第一步,也是火星表面探测活动的主要研究对象之一。模拟火壤的平板荷载试验可用于了解真实火壤的工程性质,为火星探测器的安全着陆提供参考。采用自行研制的TJ-M1模拟火壤作为试验基材,通过静力触探和静载荷原位试验的分析对比,结合已有的静力触探与静载荷试验的经验公式,研究探讨适合火壤静承载力的经验公式。首先,搭建尺寸为6 m×6 m×1.25 m（长×宽×高）着陆试验床,分5层铺设至设计标高,而后在其表面对称布置8个静力触探试验测点和2个静载荷试验测点进行测试,最后基于太沙基提出的承载力修正公式及已有的11种适用于中密实砂土的经验公式对模拟火壤承载特性的预测进行研究探讨。结果表明：太沙基提出的修正地基承载力公式的计算结果明显偏小,而经验公式（唐贤强）[R]=80P_s+31.8可近似计算TJ-M1模拟火壤的地基承载力。
- 火星土壤 /
- TJ-M1模拟火壤 /
- 静力触探 /
- 地基承载力 /
- 着陆试验床
Abstract: The mechanical and engineering behaviors of Mars soils play an important role in Mars exploration, which is one of the main objects in Mars exploration. The plate loading tests (PLT) on Mars soil simulants can be used to investigate the engineering properties of real Mars soils, which can serve for the safe loading of Mars probe. For this aim, the TJ-M1 Mars soil simulant is developed, on which a series of cone penetration tests (CPT) and plate loading tests are carried out. The experimental data are further analyzed with the existing empirical formula which relate the data of cone penetration tests and plate loading tests on sands in order to choose a suitable empirical formulas for Mars soils. Firstly, a 6 m×6 m×1.25 m (length × width × height) testbed is constructed, and paved in five layers. Then 8 cone penetration tests and 2 plate load tests are performed symmetrically on this testbed. Finally, the bearing capacity data are compared with those predicted by the Terzaghi classical correction formula and 11 empirical formulas relating CPT and PLT results for medium-dense sand. The results show that the bearing capacity from the Terzaghi classical correction formula is obviously smaller than the experimental value, while the empirical formula ([R]=80P_s+31.8) can be used to predict the bearing capacity of Mars soils from CPT data approximately.
- Mars soil /
- TJ-M1 Mars soil simulant /
- cone penetration test /
- bearing capacity /
- landing testbed

HTML全文

同济大学吴晓峰老师指导现场采样及奚邦禄博士参与部分现场试验,天津大学石安宁博士及尹福顺硕士参与现场模拟火壤试验场地建设工作,沈振义、庞红星、李双宝、张仕伟等研究生对试验工作给予了支持与帮助,北京机电空间研究所隋毅、黎光宇及其他现场工作人员在试验中给予了协助,在此一并表示由衷感谢！

图 1 着陆试验床布置图

Figure 1. Landing testbed

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图 2 现场静载荷试验照片

Figure 2. Photos of plate loading tests

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图 3 平板静载荷P-S曲线

Figure 3. P-S curves of TJ-M1 Mars soil simulant obtained from plate loading tests

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图 4 测点1^#、2^#、7^#、8^#静力触探试验P_s-h曲线

Figure 4. P_s-h curves of cone penetration tests (points No. 1, 2, 7 and 8)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 测点3^#、4^#、5^#、6^#静力触探试验P_s-h曲线

Figure 5. P_s-h curves of cone penetration tests (points No. 3, 4, 5 and 6)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 原位火星土壤物理和力学特性

Table 1 Physical and mechanical behaviors of in-situ Mars soils

探测点	土壤类型	密度 $ρ$ $ρ$ /(g·cm^-3)	黏聚力c/kPa	内摩擦角 $φ$ $φ$ /(°)
Viking^[2]	细砂	—	0.2~2.3	28~34
Viking^[2]	细土	1.6	0.1~1	20~40
Pathfinder^[5]	砂土	—	0.53	26
Spirit^[6]	—	—	5.2	33.5
Opportunity^[7]	—	—	5.13	33.5
Curiosity^[8]	—	—	0.2~1.2	38

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表 2 典型模拟火星土壤物理和力学特性

Table 2 Physical and mechanical behaviors of typical Mars soil simulant

模拟火壤	类型或状态	密度 $ρ$ $ρ$ /(g·cm^-3)	黏聚力c/kPa	内摩擦角 $φ$ $φ$ /(°)
JSC M-1^[9]	砂	0.02~0.87	1.91	47
MMS I^[11]	砂	1.384	0.81	38
MMS II^[11]	砂	1.341	1.96	39
Salten SKov I^[12]	—	1.2~1.62	—	—
ES-1^[13]	低密度	—	1.33	29.48
ES-1^[13]	高密度	—	3.9	32.32
ES-2^[13]	低密度	—	-0.24	38.16
ES-2^[13]	高密度	—	-0.82	41.43
ES-3^[13]	低密度	—	0.26	35.76
ES-3^[13]	高密度	—	1.37	34.31
DLR-A^[14]	—	—	0.18	24.8
DLR-B^[14]	—	—	0.441	17.8

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表 3 TJ-M1模拟火壤物理力学性能参数的目标范围

Table 3 Target ranges of physical and mechanical behaviors of TJ-M1 Mars soil simulant

物理参数	密度 $ρ$ $ρ$ /(g·cm^-3)	黏聚力c/kPa	内摩擦角 $φ$ $φ$ /(°)
目标值	1.35~1.60	0.24~1	35~40
TJ-M1模拟火壤	1.38	0.45	37.1
符合度/100%	100	100	100

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表 4 TJ-M1模拟火壤通过经验公式计算得到的承载力值

Table 4 Bearing capacities of TJ-M1 Mars soil simulant from empirical formula

公式编号	测点
公式编号	^#1	^#2	^#3	^#4	^#5	^#6	^#7	^#8
(3)	77	61	60	76	87	77	71	72
(4)	86	65	64	84	99	86	78	79
(5)	97	90	89	96	102	97	94	95
(6)	14~19	9~12	9~12	14~18	17~23	14~19	12~16	13~17
(7)	18	12	11	17	22	18	15	16
(8)	36	23	22	34	43	35	31	31
(9)	57	37	36	55	70	57	49	50
(10)	514	509	509	513	517	513	512	512
(11)	258	231	229	255	273	257	247	248
(12)	88	54	52	85	107	88	75	77
(13)	97	50	46	92	119	96	81	83

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表 5 经验公式（3）的误差分析

Table 5 Differences between experimental data and predicted results of Eq. (3)

测点编号	误差/%	测点编号	误差/%
^#1	6	^#5	20
^#2	16	^#6	6
^#3	17	^#7	2
^#4	5	^#8	1

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