Optimal drilling pressure of cone-tipped cutters based on characteristic size of hard and brittle rocks
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摘要: 为提高反井钻机锥齿滚刀对硬脆性岩石的破岩效率,需要得到最优钻压,分析岩碴粒径是研究反井钻机锥齿滚刀最优钻压的重要手段。采用直线破岩试验方法,使用锥齿滚刀破碎硬脆性大理岩试样,并通过Rosin-Rammler分布函数对岩碴粒径分布情况进行分析。通过对比多个钻压下岩碴粒径分布的累计概率曲线、特征粒径以及比能,得到钻压与岩碴特征粒径分布规律、特征粒径与比能的关系。当特征粒径最大和比能最小时,分别得到大理岩试样的最优钻压为34.45 kN和35.19 kN,因此最优钻压约为35 kN。据此,建议在实际应用中可将钻压设为35 kN。还分析了在相同钻压下,采用锥齿滚刀破碎硬脆性大理岩和花岗岩时的粒径分布关系,分析得到两种单轴抗压强度岩碴的特征粒径。研究结果表明特征粒径能够反映锥齿滚刀的破岩效果；硬脆性岩石的破碎过程符合黎金格的新表面说,特征粒径与比能呈近似反比关系；在一定钻压范围内,相同钻压下花岗岩特征粒径均大于大理岩,且特征粒径差距随钻压增加而增大。Abstract: In order to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of raising boring cutters under hard brittle rock, it is necessary to obtain the optimal drilling pressure. The analysis of the size of rock ballast is an important means. The cone-tipped cutter is used to break hard brittle marble samples on the LCM testing machine, and the rock ballast is analyzed by means of the Rosin-Rammler distribution. By comparing the cumulative probability curve of size distribution of rock ballast, the characteristic size and specific energy under multiple drilling pressures, the relationship among drilling pressure, the characteristic size of rock ballast and specific energy are obtained. The optimum drilling pressure of marble samples is 34.45 and 35.19 kN respectively when the characteristic size is the largest and the specific energy is the smallest, so it is suggested that the drilling pressure should be set as 35 kN. The size distribution between hard brittle marble and granite is also analyzed under the same drilling pressure, and the characteristic sizes are obtained under different uniaxial compressive strengths. The results show that the characteristic size can reflect the rock-breaking effect of cone-tipped cutter, and the rock-breaking process conforms to the new surface theory of Rittinger. The characteristic size and specific energy are inversely proportional. Within a certain range of drilling pressure, the characteristic size of granite is larger than that of hard brittle marble, and the difference of characteristic size increases with the increase of drilling pressure.
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图 5 钻压为20~35 kN的岩碴粒径累积概率
Figure 5. Cumulative probability of size distribution of rock ballast under drilling pressures of 20~35 kN
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图 6 钻压为35~55 kN的岩碴粒径累积概率
Figure 6. Cumulative probability of size distribution of rock ballast under drilling pressures of 35~55 kN
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图 7 不同钻压下锥齿滚刀特征粒径变化趋势
Figure 7. Trend of characteristic size under different drilling pressures
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图 10 钻压20 kN时大理岩和花岗岩粒径分布累积概率
Figure 10. Size distribution of marble and granite at pressure of 20 kN
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图 11 钻压25 kN时大理岩和花岗岩粒径分布累积概率
Figure 11. Size distribution of marble and granite at pressure of 25 kN
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图 12 钻压30 kN时大理岩和花岗岩粒径分布累积概率
Figure 12. Size distribution of marble and granite at pressure of 30 kN
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图 13 钻压为20~30 kN时大理岩和花岗岩特征粒径
Figure 13. Characteristic sizes of marble and granite at drilling pressures of 20~30 kN
表 1 不同钻压下硬脆性大理岩的特征粒径
Table 1 Characteristic sizes of hard brittle marble under different drilling pressures
钻压/kN 特征粒径/mm 20 0.3067 25 0.5219 30 0.6012 35 2.0563 40 0.4228 45 0.3627 50 0.2023 55 0.2378 
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