One-dimensional elastic viscoplastic consolidation analysis of saturated clay considering gravity stress and Hansbo’s flow
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摘要: 考虑地基土沿深度方向变化的自重应力,引入考虑时间效应的统一硬化(UH)本构模型描述饱和黏土固结过程中的弹黏塑性变形,同时采用Hansbo渗流方程描述固结过程中的非Darcy渗流,对太沙基饱和黏土一维固结方程进行修正,并给出有限体积法数值求解格式。通过与固结试验结果对比,验证了UH模型的适用性。然后探讨了土体自重应力、黏滞性、Hansbo渗流参数、土层厚度及外荷载大小等因素对弹黏塑性固结过程的影响。结果表明：在加载初期,土体的黏滞效应在地基不排水面附近引起了超静孔压升高的现象,且土体自重应力和Hansbo渗流对此均有增强作用,但是随外荷载的增大,这一现象有所减弱；同时,考虑土体自重应力将延缓加载初期饱和黏土地基中超静孔压的整体消散速率,但加快加载中后期饱和黏土地基的固结速率；并且,随着次固结指数、土层厚度及Hansbo渗流参数的增大,饱和黏土地基中超静孔压整体消散滞后,但增大外荷载却加快了饱和黏土地基的固结速率。Abstract: The unified hardening (UH) constitutive model considering time effect is introduced to describe the elastic viscoplastic deformation of saturated clay, and the Hansbo's flow equation is used to describe the non-Darcy flow through the pore in the consolidation process. Thus the Terzaghi one-dimensional consolidation equation for saturated clay is modified considering the gravity stress of soil layers along the depth direction, and the numerical analysis is performed by using the finite volume method. The applicability of UH model is verified by comparison with the oedometer tests. Then the effects of the gravity stress of soil layers, viscosity, Hansbo's flow parameters, soil thickness and external load on the elastic viscoplastic consolidation process are discussed. The numerical results show that the viscous effect of soils causes an increase of excess pore pressure near the impervious boundary of soil layers at the early stage of loading, and this effect is enhanced by both the gravity stress and the Hansbo's flow, while this phenomenon is weakened with the increase of the external load. In addition, the gravity stress of soil layers can delay the overall dissipation rate of the excess pore pressure in the soil layers at the early stage of loading, and accelerate the consolidation rate of soil layers at the middle and late stages of loading. Moreover, the dissipation of the excess pore water pressure in the soil layers is delayed with the increase of the secondary compression index, thickness of soil layers and Hansbo's flow parameters, but the consolidation rate of the soil layers is accelerated by the increase of the external load.
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Keywords:
- consolidation /
- elastic viscoplasticity /
- gravity stress /
- Hansbo's flow /
- finite volume method
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图 2 不同模型下沉降理论预测值与试验结果对比
Figure 2. Comparison between predicted values and experimental results of settlement theory by different models
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图 3 次固结指数Cα对固结性状的影响
Figure 3. Influences of secondary compression index Cα on consolidation behavior
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图 4 地基厚度H对固结性状的影响
Figure 4. Influences of thickness H of soil layer on consolidation behavior
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