Thermal infrared precursor information of crack propagation for rock bridges
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摘要: 由于岩质边坡内部锁固段岩桥应力聚集较高,含节理的岩质边坡易发生突发性失稳。对含不同岩桥长度花岗岩试件开展单轴试验,采用红外热像仪全程监测,研究岩质边坡破裂前的热红外热像和温度变化特征,并借助声发射和高速摄像机分析裂纹开展源、裂纹扩展趋势、声发射特征及演变机制。研究表明：岩桥试件破裂前存在两种热红外前兆,未来破裂处热像异常前兆和热红外平均温度-时间曲线异常;热红外前兆出现时间提前于声发射前兆,随着岩桥长度的增加,热红外前兆提前性变得更为突出;下部预制节理裂隙尖端处的热像变化可以预测未来裂纹扩展方向,定位表面裂纹开展源头;利用断裂力学应变能密度因子理论,揭示了单轴应力状态下岩桥长度对起裂扩展的影响机制。热红外前兆相较于其他前兆形式更提前可靠,采用红外热像仪监测岩桥试件破裂前的变化特征,研究结果为节理岩质边坡的防治提供理论依据。Abstract: Due to the high stress accumulation in the rock bridge of its locked section, the rock slope with joints is prone to sudden instability. The uniaxial tests are carried out on the granite specimens with different rock bridge lengths. By full use of infrared camera monitoring, the thermal infrared images and temperature variation characteristics before rock burst are studied, and the acoustic emission and high-speed cameras are used to analyze the crack propagation sources, crack propagation trend, acoustic emission characteristics and evolution mechanism. It is discovered from the experimental study that there are two types of thermal infrared precursors before fracture of the rock bridge specimens, anomalous thermal image precursor and thermal infrared ones, and with the increase in the length of the rock bridges, the thermal infrared precursors become more prominent. The variation in thermal images at the tip of the lower prefabricated joints can be used to predict future crack propagation directions and to locate the origin of surface cracks. Using the strain energy density factor theory of fracture mechanics, the influence mechanism of rock bridge lengths on initiation crack propagation under uniaxial stress is revealed. The thermal infrared precursors are more reliable than other precursors by using the infrared thermal imager to monitor the variation characteristics of rock bridge specimens before fracture. The research results may provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of jointed rock slopes.
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Keywords:
- rock bridge /
- TIR precursor /
- acoustic emission /
- crack propagation /
- strain energy density
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