Abstract: Based on the Winkler foundation model, the interactions of the frame structure, strip basement and soil foundation are simplified as a shear-flexural beam on elastic foundation. The different construction distances are considered to obtain the settlements and internal forces of frame building beam induced by excavation of foundation pit. The results show that the sagging deformation, "∽" form of deformation and hogging deformation will occur for the relative deflection of foundation beam when the relative distance between the building and the excavation increases. When the building is located over the lowest point and the hogging zone of the settlement trough, the sagging and hogging deformations are the most obvious. At the same time, the positive, negative bending moments and shear forces also reach their maximum values.