Seepage calculation for levees on foundation with double strata
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摘要: 黏土层覆盖下卧砂层的双层地基,在冲积平原的江河两侧普遍存在。对于双层堤基的渗流计算,已有相应于各种边界条件下的系统理论解;至于相应的堤本身的渗流计算,迥异于均质堤基和不透水堤基条件下的分析计算,理论解空缺。先按双层堤基计算出堤身下砂层的承压水位,堤身中点断面的水位非常接近承压水位;据此,并为便于求解,将整体堤身从中点断面分开为上下游两部分,每一部分的上下游边界视为延伸至无穷远;再应用保角变换法分别求出堤身上下游部分的渗流理论解。对于堤身上游坡1∶3、下游坡出逸点以下1∶5在中国常见的坡比,作出具体的数值计算和算例计算;堤身的下游部分为安全分析的重点,为应用方便计,根据详细的数值计算结果,提出一系列有一定精度的拟合式。经电拟试验结果比较,这一简化理论解的精度可靠,此外,论文的计算分析结果完全可推广至地表为黏土层覆盖的多层堤基上的堤身的渗流计算,也可推广至其它坡比的条件。Abstract: At the both sides of rivers in alluvial plain, the double strata with of upper clay stratum over sand stratum are ubiquitous. For their seepage calculation, there are many systematic theoretical solutions with different boundary conditions. However, the corresponding seepage calculations of levees themselves are widely different from the conditions of homogeneous subgrade and impervious subgrade, whereas there are no theoretical solution. The confined water level in sand stratum under the levees is first calculated, the water level of the middle cross section of levee is almost equal to the confined water level. According to the above discussion, and for the convenience to solve the problem, the integral levee is divided from the middle cross section into two parts, i. e., upstream part and downstream part. For each part, the upstream and downstream boundaries are regarded as stretching to infinite, then by using the conformal translation method, the theoretical solutions of each part of the levee are derived. For the usual slope ratios of levees in China, upstream of 1∶3 and downstream below the release point of 1∶5, numeral results and illustrative example are given. For the downstream part of levees, which is the key place of safty analysis, a series of fitting formulae according to the detailed numerial results are given for convenient application. Compared with the results of electric analog tests, the simplified theoretical solutions possess higher precision. All the results can be extended fully to the levees on the multi-strata foundation with surface clay stratum, and to other slope ratios.
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Keywords:
- seepage /
- levee /
- double strata /
- confined water
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