Optimal row distance of retaining structure with double-row piles

Based on the numerical simulation by finite element calculation and the actual monitoring data for a large deep excavation in Jinan, the optimal row distance of retaining structure with double-row piles is studied. The deformation and earth pressure of the retaining structure during excavation are analyzed. The row distance of 2D～4D (D is the pile diameter) will result in the smallest deformation. Only appropriate row distance and reasonable construction plan can make full use of the deformation control.