Experimental research on the passive earth pressure acting on a rigid wall

In this paper,In order to improve the understanding of the factors governing the magnitudes and distributions of the earth pressures on rigid retaining wall,model tests were performed for passive earth pressure acting against a vertical rigid wall, which moved into a mass of dry sand under various modes of wall movements. The types of wall movement includes translation(T),rotation about a point above the wall top(RTT) and rotation about a point below the wall base(RBT).