关于持水特性曲线研究的几个问题

陈正汉; 苗强强; 郭楠; 程香

doi:10.11779/CJGE20220169

关于持水特性曲线研究的几个问题 English Version

陈正汉^1,,
苗强强^2, ,,
郭楠³,
程香¹

1.
陆军勤务学院军事设施系, 重庆 401311
2.
西北民族大学土木工程学院, 甘肃兰州 730000
3.
兰州理工大学土木工程学院, 甘肃兰州 730050

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 52168051

国家自然科学基金项目 11672330

甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目 20JR10RA200

详细信息

作者简介:
陈正汉(1947—)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事非饱和土与特殊土力学的科研和教学工作。E-mail: chenzhenghan47@163.com

通讯作者:
苗强强, E-mail: miaoqiang2008@qq.com

中图分类号: TU433
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-17
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-16
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-31

On some problems of researches on soil-water retention curve

1.
Department of Military Installation, Army Logistics University, Chongqing 401311, China
2.
College of Civil Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730000, China
3.
College of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China

摘要

摘要: 对持水特性当前的研究中存在的3个问题进行了分析讨论，指出持水特性是非饱和土的本构关系之一，它不能代替其他本构关系；用研究本构关系的观点、理论和方法探索持水特性可提升研究水平；不同类别、不同地区土的持水特性曲线形态差异很大，用现有文献中的任一经验公式都难以描述，用试验方法确定具体对象的持水特性曲线是有效可靠途径；通过改进测试吸力技术和试验方法可以显著缩短测定持水特性曲线的历时；工程中经常遇到的填土、黄土、膨胀土、红黏土等在工作环境下的实际吸力不超过1500 kPa，而对土的变形和强度影响比较显著的吸力范围就更窄，没有必要花费很长的时间去测定全吸力范围的完整持水特性曲线。
- 持水特性曲线 /
- 力学定位 /
- 节省时间的测定SWCC的方法 /
- 合理吸力范围
Abstract: Three problems in the current researches on soil-water retention characteristics are analyzed and discussed, and the following main conclusions are drawn. The soil-water retention characteristics are one of the constitutive relations of unsaturated soils, and they cannot replace other constitutive relations. Exploring the soil-water retention properties with perspectives, theories and methods for studying the constitutive relations can improve the research level. The forms of the soil-water characteristic curve of soils with different types and in different regions are very different, and it is difficult to describe them with the same empirical equation in the existing literatures. The testing method is an effective and reliable way to determine the soil-water characteristic curve. The time required to measure the soil-water retention characteristic curve can be dramatically shortened by improving the suction-measuring technology and the testing method. The actual suction magnitude of filling soil, loess, expansive soil, red clay, etc., which are often encountered in projects, does not exceed 1500 kPa in their working environment. The reasonable suction range, which has a significant effect on deformation and strength of soils, is narrower. So there is no need to spend a long time to obtain the complete soil-water retention characteristic curve for the full suction range.
- soil-water retention curve /
- mechanics role /
- time-saving method to measure SWCC /
- reasonable suction range

HTML全文

图 1 不同持水特性模型预估的抗剪强度包线和重塑冰碛土试验结果的比较^[19]

Figure 1. Comparison of shear strength envelopes predicted by models for different soil-water retention curves and test results of remodeled glacial soil ^[19]

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几类土在脱湿过程中的土-水特征曲线（ ${\rho _{\text{d}}}$ 为初始干密度）

Soil-water characteristic curves of several types of soils during process of desorption( ${\rho _{\text{d}}}$ is initial dry density)

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图 3 用Fredlund-Xing模型拟合重塑冰碛土的持水特性试验结果^[19]

Figure 3. Fitting test results of soil-water retention curve of remoulded glacial soil with Fredlund-Xing model^[19]

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${M_{\text{a}}}$ 和 ${M_{\text{w}}}$ 随饱和度的变化^[35]

Variation of ${M_{\text{a}}}$ and ${M_{\text{w}}}$ with saturation ^[35]

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${\lambda _{\text{a}}}$ 和 ${\lambda _{\text{w}}}$ 随饱和度的变化^[35]

Variation of ${\lambda _{\text{a}}}$ and ${\lambda _{\text{w}}}$ with saturation ^[35]

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图 6 南阳膨胀土的持水特性曲线^[42]

Figure 6. Soil-water retention curves of Nanyang expansive soil^[42]

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表 1 不同干密度的土样的有效应力参数^[37]

Table 1 Effective stress parameters of soil samples with different dry densities^[37]

干密度/(g·cm^-3)	饱和度
干密度/(g·cm^-3)	70%	75%	80%	85%	90%	95%	98%	100%
1.561.70	0.10	0.15	0.21	0.32	0.46	0.68	0.86	1.00
1.561.70	0.13	0.18	0.26	0.36	0.51	0.71	0.87	1.00

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表 2 荆门重塑膨胀土的SWCC试验在各级吸力下的质量含水率（w）^[28]

Table 2 Mass moisture contents of SWCC tests on remodeling expansive soil in Jingmen under different levels of suction^[28] 单位: %

S/ kPa	试样的初始孔隙比e₀
S/ kPa	0.764	0.771	0.888	0.957	0.964	掺灰土
0	28.08	28.36	32.65	35.17	35.43	23.93
10	27.91	28.19	32.11	33.60	32.71	23.87
20	27.70	28.00	31.49	32.61	31.43	23.68
40	27.10	27.46	30.83	31.50	30.06	23.51
80	26.06	26.39	29.69	29.63	28.13	22.62
150	24.99	25.28	28.45	27.97	26.63	21.96
300	23.36	23.68	26.64	25.73	24.64	21.26
600	21.67	21.86	24.36	23.37	22.59	20.62
1200	19.33	19.61	21.39	20.82	20.26	19.85

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表 3 不同干密度的荆门重塑膨胀土在含水率为20%左右时的基质吸力^[29]

Table 3 Matrix suctions of Jingmen remodeled expansive soil with different dry densities at moisture content of about 20% ^[29]

试样压实度/%	干密度/(g·cm^-3)	含水率/%	基质吸力/kPa
70	1.30	21.12	1058
75	1.40	21.09	1523
80	1.49	21.59	1423
85	1.58	20.85	1336
90	1.67	19.79	1484
95	1.77	—	—

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表 4 中国部分地区膨胀土的收缩特性指标^[41]

Table 4 Shrinkage characteristic indices of expansive soil in some areas of China^[41]

地区	初始含水率/%	干密度/(g·cm^-3)	缩限含水率/%	线缩率/%	体缩率/%	收缩系数
河南信阳	23.8	1.58	11.4	5.7	19.4	0.36
安徽合肥	24.5	1.53	12.0	5.3	18.5	0.32
湖北荆门	25, 6	1.58	14.0	5.0	15.9	0.51
广西上思	27.5	1.59	7.5	6.5	23.5	0.32
四川简阳	16.5	1.74	14.0	8.4	4.0	0.44
贵州贵阳	32.7	1.42	21.7	4.8	20.0	0.29
云南蒙自	20.0	1.64	9.4	4.1	24.2	0.34
河北邯郸	20.3	1.78	11.8	4.4	14.5	0.48
河南鲁山	29.3	1.67	9.1	3.2	4.9	0.13
河南平顶山	27.8	1.66	8.6	6.4	22.7	0.24

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