Fracture behavior and thermal cracking evolution law of granite specimens after high-temperature treatment
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摘要: 在深部地热能开发中高温岩体会经历不同速率降温过程，研究高温作用后岩石力学行为对深部地下工程具有重要意义。然而，不同冷却方式下高温花岗岩断裂特性演化规律及作用机制尚不明晰。基于此，进行了不同冷却方式下花岗岩半圆盘试样三点弯曲试验，分析了高温后花岗岩荷载-位移曲线、断裂韧度以及破裂特征，探讨了微裂纹分布及矿物含量演化规律。试验结果表明：①随着温度的升高，花岗岩断裂韧度呈减小趋势，遇水冷却方式下断裂韧度低于自然降温条件；②三点弯曲作用下花岗岩半圆盘试样裂纹首先萌生于切槽尖端，逐渐向加载点方向扩展并将岩样劈裂。随着温度的升高，花岗岩试样的断裂痕迹曲折程度、与中心线之间的距离有所增大；③随着温度的升高，花岗岩矿物成分未明显变化，基于图像处理技术获得的微裂纹密度逐渐上升，遇水冷却方式下微裂纹密度大于自然降温方式，表明高温引起的微观结构劣化降低了花岗岩断裂韧度。Abstract: During the exploitation of deep geothermal energy, the thermal rocks will cool with different cooling rates. A comprehensive understanding of mechanical behavior of the thermal-treated rock is very important for deep underground engineering. However, the fracture behavior and influence mechanism of thermal granite specimens under different cooling ways are unclear at present. Therefore, in this study, the three-point bedding tests are carried out on the semicircular bend granite specimens after high-temperature treatment. The load-displacement curves, fracture toughnesses and failure patterns of the post-heated granite specimens are analyzed, and the evolution laws of micro-cracks and mineral components are discussed. The experimental results show that: (1) As the temperature increases, the fracture toughness of the granite specimens decreases. The fracture toughness of the specimens after quenching in water is lower than that after cooling down naturally in the furnace. (2) The crack initiated from the tip of notch propagates toward the loading point and splits the specimen into two parts. As the temperature increases, the tortuosity degree and deviation of fracture trace of the semicircular bend granite specimens increase. (3) The mineral components of granite are not significantly changed after high-temperature treatment. The micro-crack rate identified by the image processing increases with the increase of high temperature, and that of the specimen after quenching in water is higher than that after cooling down naturally in the furnace, which indicates that the deterioration of micro-structure of rock induced by high-temperature treatment reduces the fracture toughness of granite.
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Keywords:
- rock mechanics /
- granite /
- high temperature /
- fracture toughness /
- image processing
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图 1 不同晶粒花岗岩偏光显微图像
Figure 1. Thin-section observation of granites with different grains
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图 4 高温后花岗岩试样荷载-位移曲线
Figure 4. Load-displacement curves of granite specimens after high-temperature treatment
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图 5 高温后花岗岩试样断裂韧度
Figure 5. Fracture toughnesses of granite specimens after high-temperature treatment
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图 6 高温后花岗岩典型破裂模式及断裂痕迹示意
Figure 6. Typical failure patterns of granite specimen after high temperature and schematic traces of fracture
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图 7 高温后A组花岗岩试样破裂面SEM图像
Figure 7. SEM images of fracture of group A granite specimens after high temperature
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图 9 基于图像处理的高温后花岗岩微裂纹分布
Figure 9. Micro-crack distribution of granite specimens after high temperature based on image processing
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图 10 花岗岩热裂纹密度随温度演化曲线
Figure 10. Evolution of thermal crack rate of granite with test temperature
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图 11 高温后A组花岗岩试样X射线衍射图谱
Figure 11. XRD spectra of group A granite after high-temperature treatment
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图 12 不同高温作用后A组花岗岩矿物含量
Figure 12. Mineral components of group A granite after high-temperature treatment
表 1 高温后花岗岩试样断裂痕迹
Table 1 Traces of fracture of granite after high temperature
冷却 20 ℃ 200 ℃ 400 ℃ 600 ℃ 800 ℃ — 自然/遇水 自然/遇水 自然/遇水 自然/遇水 A组 
B组 
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