Thingking of four stages of development of soil mechanics
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摘要: 土力学的发展以变形特性作为依据，可以分为四个阶段。第一阶段主要是研究土的一维压缩变形，以压缩试验的e–p曲线为标志；第二阶段是研究土的三维压缩变形的形态，以Roscoe的临界状态面为标志，建立e–p–q的三维曲面；第三阶段是以Duncan-Chang本构模型为标志，以土的压硬性和剪软性为特点，更直观地以土的剪切变形研究为主；第四阶段应该是以现场原位土为研究对象，以原位测试技术为主要手段，掌握原位土的力学特性，发展原位土土力学，更好地服务于工程实际。第四阶段应该是今后值得努力的方向。Abstract: The development of soil mechanics can be divided into four stages based on the deformation characteristics. The first stage is mainly to study the one-dimensional compression deformation of soils, which is marked by the e-p curve of the compression tests. Studying the three-dimensional compression deformation of soils is the second stage, which is marked by the critical state surface of Roscoe, and the three-dimensional surface of e-p-q is established. The Duncan-Chang constitutive model is the symbol of the third stage. It is characterized by the compactness and shear softness of soils, more intuitively focusing on the study of the shear deformation of soils. Moreover, the fourth stage should take the field in-situ soils as the research object, use in-situ testing technology as the main method, master the mechanical properties of in-situ soils, develop in-situ soil mechanics, and better serve the engineering practice. The fourth stage should be a worthwhile direction in the future.
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