高渗透砂层含核桃壳泥浆特性及渗透成膜试验研究

王媛; 刘韬; 刘四进; 董琪; 李敏康

doi:10.11779/CJGE20230852

高渗透砂层含核桃壳泥浆特性及渗透成膜试验研究 English Version

王媛^1,,
刘韬²,
刘四进³,
董琪^1, ,,
李敏康²

1.
河海大学水利水电学院, 江苏南京 210003
2.
河海大学土木与交通学院, 江苏南京 210003
3.
中铁十四局集团有限公司, 山东济南 250000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 U2240210

国家自然科学基金项目 52309128

中铁十四局集团有限公司科研课题 913700001630559891202106

详细信息

作者简介:
王媛(1969—)，女，博士，教授，主要从事渗流破坏与地下工程安全领域的教学与科研工作。E-mail：wangyuanhhu@163.com

通讯作者:
董琪, E-mail: dong0626qi@hhu.edu.cn

中图分类号: U455.43
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-03
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-17
- 刊出日期: 2024-10-31

Rheological properties and filter-cake formation performances of slurry containing walnut shell in high-permeability sand stratum

1.
College of Water Conservancy & Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210003, China
2.
College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210003, China
3.
China Railway 14th Bureau Company. Limited, Ji'nan 250000, China

摘要

摘要: 泥水盾构在高渗透地层带压开舱时常遇到泥浆漏失及泥膜闭气性不足导致的开挖面失稳问题。由于颗粒密度大、界面结合性弱，传统的含砂泥浆分散稳定性较差，成膜质量欠佳。提出了一种以轻质有机材料核桃壳为添加颗粒的新型盾构泥浆，为了研究该泥浆在高渗透地层的成膜及闭气效果，自主研发了泥浆渗透-成膜-闭气的全过程试验系统，开展了含核桃壳泥浆的流变、渗透成膜及泥膜闭气特性测试试验，分析了核桃壳改善成膜质量的作用机理。结果表明：核桃壳与膨润土泥浆的匹配性较好，可明显提高泥浆的胶体率和分散稳定性，同时保证了较高的凝胶强度和良好的流动性。与含砂泥浆相比，核桃壳颗粒的增稠效果和颗粒间的软接触模式使高渗透地层的泥浆成膜更容易，泥膜致密性和耐高气压能力也有明显提升。
- 盾构泥浆 /
- 特性 /
- 核桃壳 /
- 颗粒堵漏 /
- 高渗透地层
Abstract: In the high-permeability stratum, the slurry shield often encounters the problems of slurry leakage and poor air-tightness of filter cakes, leading to the instability of excavation face. Due to the high particle density and weak interfacial bonding, the traditional slurry containing sand has poor dispersion stability and poor filter-cake quality. In this study, a new type of shield slurry with walnut shell as the additive particle is proposed. In order to study the filter-cake formation and airtightness effects of the slurry in the high-permeability stratum, the whole process test system for the slurry permeation, filter-cake formation and air tightness is developed, and the tests on the rheology, slurry permeation and airtightness characteristics of the slurry containing walnut shell are performed. The mechanism of improving the filter-cake formation quality by the walnut shell is analyzed. The results show that the matching between the walnut shell and the bentonite slurry is better, which can obviously improve the colloidal ratio and dispersion stability of slurry, and ensure high gel strength and good fluidity. Compared with those of the slurry containing sand, the thickening effects of the walnut shell particles and the soft contact mode between particles make the slurry filter-cake formation in high-permeability stratum easier, and the density and high pressure resistance of the slurry filter cakes are also significantly improved.
- shield slurry /
- property /
- walnut shell /
- particle plugging /
- high permeability stratum

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图 1 泥浆渗透及泥膜闭气试验系统

Figure 1. Apparatus for measuring volume of slurry permeation and airtightness of filter cakes

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图 2 剪切速率加载曲线

Figure 2. Loading curves of shear rate

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图 3 含核桃壳泥浆τ-γ曲线

Figure 3. τ-γ-curves of slurry containing walnut shell

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图 4 含核桃壳泥浆η-γ曲线

Figure 4. η-γ-curves of slurry containing walnut shell

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图 5 泥浆屈服应力和塑性黏度变化曲线

Figure 5. Curves of yield stress and plastic viscosity

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图 6 固定剪切速率下泥浆剪切应力衰变曲线

Figure 6. Decay curves of shear stress of slurry at constant shear rate

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图 7 泥浆触变滞后圈

Figure 7. Thixotropic hysteresis loops of slurry

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图 8 泥浆滞后圈面积变化曲线

Figure 8. Curves of area change of thixotropic hysteresis loop

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图 9 含核桃壳泥浆渗透流量曲线

Figure 9. Curves of discharged water of slurry containing walnut shell

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图 10 含砂泥浆渗透流量曲线

Figure 10. Curves of discharged water of slurry containing sand

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图 11 泥浆总渗透流量变化曲线

Figure 11. Relationship between water discharge and coarse content of slurry

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图 12 含核桃壳泥膜闭气渗透流量曲线

Figure 12. Curves of discharged water of slurry containing walnut shell

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图 13 含砂泥膜闭气渗透流量曲线

Figure 13. Curves of discharged water of slurry containing sand

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图 14 泥膜闭气破坏形态

Figure 14. Damage patterns of filter cakes

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图 15 含30 g/L核桃壳泥膜细观分析图

Figure 15. Microscopic analysis of slurry containing walnut shell of 30 g/L

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图 16 颗粒接触方式及孔隙大小对比

Figure 16. Contact modes of particles and correlation of pore sizes

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表 1 泥浆基本性质参数

Table 1 Basic parameters and properties of slurry

泥浆编号	粗颗粒材料	添加量/(g·L^-1)	密度/(g·cm^-3)	漏斗黏度/s	胶体率/%
ST0	—	0	1.075	35	83.5
ST1	0.15~0.2 mm核桃壳	10	1.082	55	87.0
ST2		20	1.086	61	90.0
ST3		30	1.090	65	92.0
ST4		40	1.092	68	88.0
ST5	0.15~0.2 mm砂	10	1.082	49	81.0
ST6		20	1.093	52	87.0
ST7		30	1.100	57	90.0
ST8		40	1.106	51	88.4

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表 2 中低剪切速率区幂律模型拟合结果

Table 2 Fitting results by power law model at low and medium shear rates

核桃壳含量/(g·L^-1)	幂律模型 $\tau = K{\gamma ^n}$
核桃壳含量/(g·L^-1)	n	K/(Pa·s)	R²
0	0.270	0.995	0.993
10	0.166	2.454	0.841
20	0.142	2.736	0.843
30	0.168	2.915	0.832
40	0.157	2.163	0.883

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表 3 高剪切速率区Bingham模型拟合结果

Table 3 Fitting results by Bingham at high shear rates

核桃壳含量/(g·L^-1)	Bingham模型 $\tau = {\tau _0} + \mu \gamma$
核桃壳含量/(g·L^-1)	${\tau _0}$ /Pa	$\mu$ /(Pa·s)	R²
0	2.024	0.0038	0.995
10	3.102	0.0059	0.998
20	3.444	0.0064	0.989
30	3.601	0.0067	0.982
40	3.360	0.0072	0.999

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表 4 泥膜闭气值汇总表

Table 4 Threshold pressures of airtightness of filter cakes

添加量/(g·L^-1)	泥膜闭气值/kPa
添加量/(g·L^-1)	核桃壳	砂
10	30	—
20	90	30
30	150	90
40	60	30

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