新型EICP注浆固化砂质黏性紫色土力学性能试验研究

黎桉君; 刘鹏; 张静; 汪时机; 李贤; 梅立奎; 牛作鹏

doi:10.11779/CJGE20230796

新型EICP注浆固化砂质黏性紫色土力学性能试验研究 English Version

西南大学工程技术学院, 重庆 400715

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 11972311

重庆市自然科学基金项目 2022NSCQ-MSX2206

西南大学创新研究2035先导计划 SWU-XDPY22003

西南大学实验技术研究项目 SYJ2024014

重庆市大学生创新创业训练计划项目 S202310635104

详细信息

作者简介:
黎桉君(1992—)，男，博士研究生，主要从事土体裂隙损伤与微生物加固研究。E-mail: lianjun0756@swu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
汪时机, E-mail: shjwang@swu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TU411
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-16
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-17
- 刊出日期: 2024-10-31

Experimental study on mechanical properties of sandy clayey purple soil cemented by a new EICP grouting method

College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

摘要

摘要: 紫色土广泛分布于中国三峡库区，受极端环境与气候影响，土体结构和力学性能退化严重，可采用生物矿化技术（MICP/EICP）进行加固处理，然而紫色土呈砂质黏性，渗透性弱，传统方法的固化效果有限，为此，引入一种单相低pH负压注浆的新型EICP技术。通过表面硬度、无侧限抗压强度、碳酸钙含量、SEM和XRD测试对比分析预拌合、单相低pH注浆、双相低pH负压注浆和单相低pH负压注浆法的固化效果，结果表明：50 g/L脲酶浓度和1.2 mol/L胶结液浓度为EICP注浆固化紫色土的最适浓度；单相低pH负压注浆法可使表面硬度增加9.1%，对无侧限抗压强度和刚度的提升达到84.44%，144.37%，且能够明显提高碳酸钙含量和胶结均匀性，在4种固化方法中效果最优。结果表明新型EICP单相低pH负压注浆法对砂质黏性紫色土力学性能的改善是有效的，在细粒土加固方面具有潜在应用价值。
- 脲酶诱导碳酸钙沉积(EICP) /
- 脲酶浓度 /
- 固化方法 /
- 无侧限抗压强度 /
- 胶结均匀性
Abstract: The purple soil is widely distributed in the Three Gorges Reservoir area of China. Influenced by the extreme environmental and climatic conditions, its structure and mechanical properties deteriorate significantly. To address this issue, the use of the biomineralization technology (MICP and EICP) for reinforcement is considered. However, due to its sandy-clay nature and weak permeability, the conventional methods have limited effectiveness in cementation. Thus, a new EICP technology for one-phase-low-pH negative pressure grouting is introduced. Through various means such as surface hardness, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), calcium carbonate content, SEM and XRD tests, the solidification effects of pre-mixing, one-phase-low-pH grouting, two-phase-low-pH negative pressure grouting and one-phase-low-pH negative pressure grouting methods are compared and analyzed. The results show that the optimal concentrations for EICP grouting to solidify the purple soil are 50 g/L urease concentration and 1.2 mol/L cementitious solution concentration. The one-phase-low-pH negative pressure grouting method increases the surface hardness by 9.1%, achieving enhancements of 84.44% and 144.37% in the UCS and stiffness, respectively. The calcium carbonate content after one round of one-phase-low-pH negative pressure grouting is 3.09%, which is the highest among the 4 solidification methods. The UCS increases exponentially with the increase in the calcium carbonate content. The SEM analysis shows that the calcium carbonate crystals obtained by the one-phase-low-pH negative pressure grouting method have the most uniform distribution, with a substantial amount of contact cementation. The crystal types are calcite and vaterite. The results demonstrate that the new EICP technology for the one-phase-low-pH negative pressure grouting method effectively improves the mechanical properties of the sandy clayey purple soil, showing potential application value in the reinforcement of fine-grained soil.
- enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation /
- urease concentration /
- cementation method /
- unconfined compressive strength /
- cementation uniformity

HTML全文

图 1 紫色土粒径分布曲线

Figure 1. Grain-size distribution curve of purple soil

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图 2 脲酶活性与提取液质量浓度的关系

Figure 2. Relationship between urease activity and mass concentration of soybean powder

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图 3 处理液浓度与碳酸钙产率的3D响应曲面

Figure 3. 3D response surface of concentration of treatment solution and production rate of calcium carbonate

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图 4 负压注浆装置及模具

Figure 4. Negative pressure grouting devices and mold

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图 5 表面硬度

Figure 5. Surface hardness

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图 6 典型破坏形态

Figure 6. Typical failure patterns

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图 7 应力应变曲线

Figure 7. Stress-strain curves

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图 8 UCS和E₅₀

Figure 8. UCS and E₅₀

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图 9 碳酸钙含量与分布

Figure 9. Contents and distribution of calcium carbonate

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图 10 碳酸钙含量与UCS的关系

Figure 10. Relationship between content of calcium carbonate and UCS

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图 11 SEM图像

Figure 11. SEM images

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图 12 单相低pH负压注浆固化紫色土的XRD图谱

Figure 12. XRD patterns of purple soil cemented by one-phase-low-pH negative pressure grouting method

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表 1 CCD响应面试验结果

Table 1 Results of CCD response surface tests

编号	因素水平		结果
编号	脲酶浓度C_us/(g·L^-1)	胶结液浓度C_cs/（mol·L^-1）	产钙量/g	产钙率/%
1	50 (-1)	0.4 (-1)	0.23	58
2	150 (1)	0.4 (-1)	0.32	80
3	50 (-1)	1.2 (1)	0.91	76
4	150 (1)	1.2 (1)	0.39	33
5	29.3 (-1.41)	0.8 (0)	0.51	64
6	170.7 (1.41)	0.8 (0)	0.45	57
7	100 (0)	0.2 (-1.41)	0.14	72
8	100 (0)	1.4 (1.41)	0.67	48
9	100 (0)	0.8 (0)	0.39	48
10	100 (0)	0.8 (0)	0.35	44
11	100 (0)	0.8 (0)	0.38	48
12	100 (0)	0.8 (0)	0.40	50
13	100 (0)	0.8 (0)	0.40	50
注：括号中的数值为因素编码值。

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表 2 碳酸钙产率与处理液浓度回归模型的方差分析

Table 2 Variance analysis of regression model for calcium carbonate production ratio and concentration of treatment solution

项	平方和	自由度	均方差	F	P
模型	2191.05	5	438.21	65.33	< 0.0001^**
C_us	119.35	1	119.35	17.79	0.0039^**
C_cs	495.20	1	495.20	73.82	< 0.0001^**
C_usC_cs	1056.25	1	1056.25	157.47	< 0.0001^**
$C_{{\rm{us}}}^2$	305.33	1	305.33	45.52	0.0002^**
$C_{{\rm{cs}}}^2$	282.72	1	282.72	42.15	0.0003^**
失拟项	22.95	3	7.65	1.28	0.3961
注：^为显著，P < 0.05；^*为极显著，P < 0.01。

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表 3 EICP固化方案

Table 3 EICP cementation solutions

试验编号	固化方法	固化液浓度	处理流程	负压灌注	处理轮次
M0	对照组	无	未固化	×	0
M1	预拌合	50 g/L脲酶液+1.2 mol/L胶结液	28.26 mL脲酶液与28.26 mL胶结液拌合制样	×	1
M2	单相低pH注浆	50 g/L脲酶液+1.2 mol/L胶结液	60 mL脲酶液与60 mL胶结液混合灌注	×	1
M3	双相低pH负压注浆	50 g/L脲酶液+1.2 mol/L胶结液	灌注60 mL脲酶液—静置2 h—灌注60 mL胶结液	√	1
M4	单相低pH负压注浆	50 g/L脲酶液+1.2 mol/L胶结液	60 mL脲酶液与60 mL胶结液混合灌注	√	1

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