铁矿尾矿料微观结构与压缩特性试验研究

张意江; 陈生水; 傅中志

doi:10.11779/CJGE2020S2011

铁矿尾矿料微观结构与压缩特性试验研究 English Version

张意江^1,,
陈生水^{1, 2},
傅中志^{1, 2}

1.
南京水利科学研究院岩土工程研究所,江苏　南京210024
2.
水利部土石坝破坏机理与防控技术重点实验室,江苏　南京210029

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51539006

详细信息

作者简介:
张意江（1992— ）,男,博士研究生,主要从事土体力学特性与有限元模拟等方面的研究。E-mail：zhangyijiang1025@163.com

中图分类号: TD926.4
计量
- 文章访问数: 213
- HTML全文浏览量: 43
- PDF下载量: 78
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-06
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-07
- 刊出日期: 2020-10-31

Experimental study on microstructure and compressibility of iron ore tailings

1.
Geotechnical Engineering Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210024, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Failure Mechanism and Safety Control Techniques of Earth-Rock Dams, Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing 210029, China

摘要

摘要: 针对马鞍山青山尾矿库铁矿尾矿料,开展了一系列压缩试验,对铁尾矿的压缩特性进行了分析；对试验完成后的试样开展了扫描电镜试验（SEM）和压汞试验（MIP）,从定性和定量两个角度分析了铁尾矿微观结构对压缩特性的影响。试验结果表明：铁矿尾矿料在单向压缩和等向压缩下表现出基本一致的压缩特性,初始干密度对压缩曲线的影响只体现在初始孔隙比的不同,单一级配的试样压缩性更强。SEM和MIP试验表明,铁尾矿试样颗粒间孔隙结构多样,孔径主要分布在10~0.1 μm的孔隙组；初始干密度和试验固结围压均会对尾矿料的总孔隙率产生影响,其中围压的影响更为剧烈。研究成果可为尾矿库的设计运营维护提供参考。
- 铁矿尾矿料 /
- 压缩特性 /
- 微观结构 /
- 扫描电镜试验 /
- 压汞试验
Abstract: A series of compression tests are conducted on iron ore tailings taken from Qingshan tailings impoundment to analyze the compression deformation behavior. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests are carried out on post-test specimens to study the effects of microstructure on compression deformation properties of iron ore tailings. The compression test results show that the iron ore tailings exhibit basically consistent compression behavior during uniaxial compression and isotropic compression. Different initial dry densities are found to have few effects on the shape and slope of compression curve but change the initial void ratio. The specimens with single size gradation show stronger compressibility than those with design size gradation. The microscopic tests results show that pore structure of the iron ore tailings is various and complicated, and the pore sizes are mainly distributed in the interval of 10 to 0.1 μm. Both the initial dry density and the consolidation pressure affect the total porosity of the iron ore tailings, and the later one has more severe effect. The research results may provide reference for the design, operation and maintenance of tailings impoundment.
- iron ore tailings /
- compressibility /
- microstructure /
- scanning electron microscopy /
- mercury intrusion porosimetry

HTML全文

图 1 试验铁尾矿粒径级配曲线

Figure 1. Grain-size distribution curves of tailing samples

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 尾矿料试样的压缩曲线

Figure 2. Compression curves of tailing samples

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 单向压缩试验与等向压缩试验对比

Figure 3. Comparison between oedometer and isotropic compression tests

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 矿物成分谱图

Figure 4. Mineral composition spectra of tailings

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 50 kPa围压铁尾矿试样电镜照片

Figure 5. SEM photos of tailing samples (50 kPa)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 800 kPa围压铁尾矿试样电镜照片

Figure 6. SEM photos of tailing samples (800 kPa)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 黏土试样电镜照片^[15]

Figure 7. SEM photos of clay soil samples^[15]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 砂土试样电镜照片^[17]

Figure 8. SEM photos of sand samples^[17]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 进汞体积与压力关系曲线

Figure 9. Relationship between volume of intrusion and pressure of mercury intrusion

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 孔径分布、孔隙体积累积曲线（压汞试验）

Figure 10. Curves of pore-size distribution and cumulative volume by mercury intrusion tests

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 铁尾矿试样孔隙体积分布统计

Figure 11. Pore-volume distribution of tailing samples

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 铁尾矿试样的基本物理性质

Table 1 Basic physical properties of tailing samples

铁尾矿试样	土粒相对密度 G_s	渗透系数 k/(cm·s^-1)	平均粒径 d ₅₀	不均匀系数C_u	曲率系数C _c
铁尾矿试样	3.10	1×10^-6	0.25	5	1.8

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 尾矿料试样的压缩性指标

Table 2 Compressibility indices of tailing samples

试样编号	初始干密度ρ/(g·cm^-3)	压缩系数a_1-2/MPa^-1	压缩模量 E_s _(1-2)/MPa	压缩指数C_c
1-设计级配	1.80	0.28	5.85	0.095
2-设计级配	1.90	0.33	4.81	0.106
3-设计级配	2.00	0.11	13.85	0.095
4-单一级配	1.90	0.46	3.43	0.121

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 铁尾矿矿物组成

Table 3 Mineral composition of tailings

试样编号	元素	O	Na	Mg	Al	Si	P	K	Ca	Ti	Fe
01-50 kPa	质量百分比/%	49.44	0.22	1.14	6.32	19.23	0.71	0.62	2.49	0.23	19.59
01-50 kPa	原子百分比/%	68.33	0.22	1.04	5.18	15.14	0.51	0.35	1.37	0.11	7.76
02-800 kPa	质量百分比/%	45.74	0.42	0.86	7.07	18.72	0.60	0.67	2.16	0.34	23.44
02-800 kPa	原子百分比/%	65.60	0.41	0.81	6.01	15.29	0.45	0.39	1.24	0.16	9.63

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(17)

[1]	陈生水. 尾矿库安全评价存在的问题与对策[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2016, 38(10): 1869-1873. doi: 10.11779/CJGE201610016 CHEN Sheng-shui. Problems and countermeasures of safety evaluation of tailing pond[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2016, 38(10): 1869-1873. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11779/CJGE201610016
[2]	LI W, COOP M. Mechanical behaviour of Panzhihua iron tailings[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2019, 56(3): 420-435. doi: 10.1139/cgj-2018-0032
[3]	SIMMS P. 2013 colloquium of the Canadian Geotechnical Society: Geotechnical and geoenvironmentalbehaviour of high-density tailings[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2017, 54(4): 455-468. doi: 10.1139/cgj-2015-0533
[4]	HU L, WU H, ZHANG L, et al. Geotechnical properties of mine tailings[J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2016, 29(2): 1-10.
[5]	CHANG N, HEYMANNG , CLAYTON C. The effect of fabric on the behaviour of gold tailings[J]. Géotechnique, 2011, 61(3): 187-97. doi: 10.1680/geot.9.P.066
[6]	FOURIE A, PAPAGEORGIOU G. Defining an appropriate steady state line for Merriespruit gold tailings[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2001, 38(8): 695-706.
[7]	巫尚蔚, 杨春和, 张超, 等. 粉粒含量对尾矿力学特性的影响[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2017, 36(8): 2007-2017. WU Shang-wei, YANG Chun-he, ZHANG Chao, et al. The effects of silt content on the mechanical properties of tailings[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2017, 36(8): 2007-2017. (in Chinese)
[8]	乔兰, 屈春来, 崔明. 细粒含量对尾矿工程性质影响分析[J]. 岩土力学, 2015, 36(4): 923-927. QIAO Lan, QU Chun-lai, CUI Ming. Effect of fines content on engineering characteristics of tailings[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2015, 36(4): 923-927. (in Chinese)
[9]	CARRERA A, COOP M, LANCELLOTTA R. Influence of grading on the mechanical behaviour of Stava tailings[J]. Géotechnique, 2011, 61(11): 935-946. doi: 10.1680/geot.9.P.009
[10]	巫尚蔚, 杨春和, 胡晓明, 等. 尾矿颗粒性质与压缩固结特性的关联性研究[J]. 华中科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 45(11): 121-126. WU Shang-wei, YANG Chun-he, HU Xiao-ming, et al. Research on correlation of tailings particle properties and compression consolidation properties[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2017, 45(11): 121-126. (in Chinese)
[11]	AHMED S, SIDDIQUA S. A review on consolidation behavior of tailings[J]. International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 8(1): 102-111. doi: 10.1179/1939787913Y.0000000012
[12]	唐朝生, 施斌, 王宝军. 基于SEM土体微观结构研究中的影响因素分析[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2008, 30(4): 560-565. TANG Chao-sheng, SHI Bin, WANG Bao-jun. Factors affecting analysis of soil microstructure using SEM[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2008, 30(4): 560-565. (in Chinese)
[13]	Lapierre Clément, Leroueil Serge, Locat Jacques. Mercury intrusion and permeability of Louiseville clay[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1990, 27(6): 761-773.
[14]	OUALMAKRAN M, MERCATORIS B, FRANCOIS B. Pore-size distribution of a compacted silty soil after compaction, saturation, and loading[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2016, 53(12): 1902-1909.
[15]	张先伟, 孔令伟. 利用扫描电镜、压汞法、氮气吸附法评价近海黏土孔隙特征[J]. 岩土力学, 2013, 34(增刊2): 134-142. ZHANG Xian-wei, KONG Ling-wei. Study of pore characteristics of offshore clay by SEM and MIP and NA methods[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2013, 34(S2): 134-142. (in Chinese)
[16]	土工试验规程：SL237—1999[S]. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 1999. Specification for Soil Tests: SL237—1999[S]. Beijing: China Water & Power Press, 1999. (in Chinese)
[17]	李育, 周雪花, 李卓仑, 等. 基于扫描电镜分析的猪野泽全新世砂层成因探讨[J]. 沉积学报, 2013, 31(1): 149-156. LI Yu, ZHOU Xue-hua, LI Zhuo-lun, et al. Formation of holocene sand layers by sem analyses in the zhuye lake sediments[J]. ACTA Sedimentologica Sinica, 2013, 31(1): 149-156. (in Chinese)