花岗岩细观破裂特征及宏观尺度效应的颗粒流研究

孙闯; 敖云鹤; 张家鸣; 王帅

doi:10.11779/CJGE202009013

花岗岩细观破裂特征及宏观尺度效应的颗粒流研究 English Version

1.
辽宁工程技术大学土木工程学院,辽宁　阜新　123000
2.
长江科学院水利部岩土力学与工程重点实验室,湖北　武汉　430010

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目 2017YFC1503101

国家自然科学基金项目 51704144

辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目 XLYC1807107

详细信息

作者简介:
孙闯(1983—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事岩石力学试验与数值计算方面的研究工作。E-mail：sunchuang88@163.com

中图分类号: TU452
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-11-10
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-07
- 刊出日期: 2020-08-31

Particle flow of meso-fracture characteristics and macro-scale effect of granites

1.
School of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources, Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China

摘要

摘要: 基于颗粒流方法,提出可变半径比例Clump结构的构建方法,分析颗粒流细观参数及细观结构特征对模拟岩石试件拉、压特性的影响规律,构建适用于花岗岩力学特性的Clump颗粒流结构模型,验证可变半径比例Clump结构及细观力学参数的可靠性；构建不同尺度的深部洞室颗粒流模型,分析深部围岩宏观破裂的尺度效应。研究表明,Ball和Clump模型的拉压比对细观力学参数变化的敏感度小,可变半径比例Clump模型的力学特性对粒径尺寸及比例变化的敏感度大；对比分析花岗岩室内试验与数值模拟的拉、压强度曲线及破裂模式,基于可变粒径比例的Clump计算模型与试验结果基本吻合；采用小尺度颗粒模型的深部围岩宏观破裂区主要以局部区域破碎为主,随着颗粒模型尺度逐渐增大,围岩表现出明显的剪切滑移及板裂破坏特征,构建的深部围岩颗粒流模型具有明显的宏观破裂尺度效应。
- 颗粒流 /
- 破裂特征 /
- 尺度效应 /
- 花岗岩 /
- 裂隙
Abstract: A formulation method for variable radius proportional clump structure is proposed according to the particle flow method. The effects of mesoparameters and meso-structural characteristics of particle flow on the compressive and tensile properties of simulated rocks are investigated. A clump particle flow structure is constructed, which is suitable for the mechanical characteristics of granite. The reliability of clump structure with variable radius ratio and meso-mechanical parameters is verified. The particle flow models for deep caverns with different sizes are developed, and the scale effect of macro fractures of deep surrounding rock is evaluated. The research results show that the tensile compression ratios of ball and clump models are less sensitive to the changes of meso parameters, and the mechanical properties of variable radius proportional clump model are more sensitive to the changes of particle size and proportion. Using the clump models with different particle size ratios, the compressive and tensile strength curves and fracture modes of numerical simulations and experimental tests are investigated. A good compliance is observed between the numerical and experimental findings. In the small-scale particle model, the fracture zones of the surrounding rocks are mainly broken in local area. By increasing the particle model scale, the clear shear-slip fracture characteristics appear. Simulating the fracture properties by the particle flow model for deep surrounding rocks exhibits clear macro-scale effects.
- particle flow /
- fracture characteristic /
- scale effect /
- granite /
- crack

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图 1 接触黏结模型（CBM）法向与切向力学响应

Figure 1. Normal and tangential mechanical responses of CBM

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图 2 平行黏结模型(PBM)示意图

Figure 2. Diagrams of parallel bond model (PBM)

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图 3 颗粒模型中的Ball与Clump旋转机制

Figure 3. Ball and Clump rotation mechanism in particle model

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图 4 Clump结构建模方法示意图

Figure 4. Diagram of modeling method for Clump structure

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图 5 Clump/Ball粒径对试件宏观力学特性的影响

Figure 5. Effects of Clump/Ball particle size on macro-mechanical properties of specimens

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图 6 细观参数对Ball模型UCS/TS的影响

Figure 6. Effects of meso parameters on UCS/TS of Ball model

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图 7 细观参数对Clump模型UCS/TS的影响

Figure 7. Effects of meso parameters on UCS/TS of Clump model

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图 8 完整及含裂隙花岗岩试件

Figure 8. Complete and fractured granite specimens

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图 9 Clump模型示意图

Figure 9. Diagram of Clump model

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图 10 花岗岩单轴压缩试验与模拟应力–应变曲线对比

Figure 10. Comparison of uniaxial compression tests on granite and simulated stress-strain curves

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图 11 花岗岩巴西劈裂试验与模拟应力–应变曲线对比

Figure 11. Comparison of Brazilian splitting tests on granite and simulated stress-strain curves

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图 12 数值计算模型示意图

Figure 12. Diagram of numerical model

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图 13 不同尺度围岩破裂区及裂纹扩展区

Figure 13. Fracture zones and crack propagation zones of surrounding rock under different scales

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表 1 模型力学参数

Table 1 Mechanical parameters of model

参数	Ball模型/ Clump模型
颗粒刚度比k_n/k_s	2.0
颗粒摩擦系数µ	0.2
黏结模量E^*/GPa	2.0
黏结刚度比 $k_{n}^{} / k_{s}^{}$ $k_{n}^{} / k_{s}^{}$	2.0
黏结抗拉强度 $σ_{b}$ $σ_{b}$ /MPa	36
黏结内聚力 $c_{b}$ $c_{b}$ /MPa	27
摩擦角ƒ/(°)	32

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表 2 试验工况及力学参数

Table 2 Test conditions and mechanical parameters

单轴压缩试验			巴西圆盘劈裂试验
试件编号	裂隙角度β/(°)	单轴抗压强度σ_c/MPa	试件编号	裂隙角度γ/(°)	抗拉强度σ_t/MPa
无裂隙	—	138.73
A	35	55.14	1	—	11.85
A	45	60.91	2	0	4.97
B	35	48.03	3	20	3.69
B	45	60.68	4	40	4.07
C	35	47.87	5	60	2.27
C	45	56.58	6	90	3.11

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表 3 模型力学参数

Table 3 Mechanical parameters of model

参数	取值	参数	取值
Ball R_min/mm	0.26	黏结模量E^*/GPa	2.0
Ball粒径比R_min∶R_max	1.5	黏结刚度比 $k_{n}^{} / k_{s}^{}$ $k_{n}^{} / k_{s}^{}$	2.5
颗粒刚度比k_n/k_s	2.0	黏结抗拉强度 $σ_{b}$ $σ_{b}$ /MPa	32
颗粒摩擦系数µ	0.2	黏结内聚力 $c_{b}$ $c_{b}$ /MPa	24
Clump R_min/mm	0.6	黏结摩擦系数µ^*	0.2
Clump粒径比R_min∶R_max	1.5	摩擦角ƒ/(°)	32

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表 4 花岗岩单轴压缩试验与模拟破裂特征

Table 4 Uniaxial compression tests and numerical simulation fracture characteristics of granite

试件类型	无	A		B		C
裂隙角度β/(°)	—	35	45	35	45	35	45
颗粒流计算结果
室内试验结果

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表 5 花岗岩巴西劈裂试验与模拟破裂特征

Table 5 Brazilian splitting tests and numerical simulation fracture characteristics of granite

裂隙角度γ/(°)	无	0	20	40	60	90
颗粒流计算结果
室内试验结果

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