三维空间中非连续面对水力压裂影响的试验研究

程万; 金衍; 陈勉; 张亚坤; 刁策; 侯冰

doi:10.11779/CJGE201503022

三维空间中非连续面对水力压裂影响的试验研究 English Version

程万^{1, 2, 3},
金衍^1,2,,
陈勉^{1, 2},
张亚坤^{1, 2},
刁策^{1, 2},
侯冰^{1, 2}

1. 中国石油大学（北京）石油工程学院,北京 102249; 2. 油气资源与探测国家重点试验室,北京 102249; 3. 佐治亚理工学院土木与环境工程学院,美国亚特兰大 30332

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点项目（51234006）; 油气重大专项项目（2011ZX05009-005）

详细信息

作者简介:
程万(1987- ),男,博士研究生,主要从事非常规油气藏钻井、完井过程中的岩石力学与工程的研究。E-mail: chengwancup@163.com。

通讯作者:
金衍

中图分类号: TU41
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-07-10
- 发布日期: 2015-03-23

Experimental investigation on influence of discontinuities on hydraulic fracture propagation in three-dimensional space

CHENG Wan^{1, 2, 3},
JIN Yan^1,2,,
CHEN Mian^{1, 2},
ZHANG Ya-kun^{1, 2},
DIAO Ce^{1, 2},
HOU Bing^{1, 2}

1. College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, Beijing 102249, China; 3. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332, USA

摘要

摘要: 油气储层常发育断层、天然裂缝、节理等非连续面,其产状、地应力状态对水力裂缝扩展路径会产生重要影响。尤其是在致密油气藏、页岩油气藏等储层中,其天然裂缝影响着水力压裂后的裂缝网络。利用真三轴水力压裂试验设备,模拟了水力裂缝在具有不同产状非连续面的人造岩体中的扩展行为,并分析了泵压曲线的特征。试验结果表明：水平主应力差存在临界值（5~7 MPa）,小于该临界值,水力裂缝不可能穿透非连续面;非连续面走向角和地应力差异系数越大,水力裂缝越容易穿透非连续面;非连续面倾角跟水力裂缝的扩展行为没有明显的关系;穿透试验中的泵压曲线跟没穿透试验中的泵压曲线差别明显;压裂曲线峰值泵压均随水力裂缝中点到储层中非连续面的最短距离（简记为DNF）增大而递减。与非连续面的倾角相比,走向角是影响水力裂缝穿透行为的关键因素;准确预测油藏中水力裂缝扩展路径,有必要准确获取非连续面产状和三向地应力场;根据泵压曲线的特征,可判断水力裂缝是否穿透非连续面和定性的判断DNF,为油田现场评价水力压裂效果提供参考。
- 水力压裂 /
- 非连续面 /
- 地应力 /
- 裂缝扩展
Abstract: Reservoir develops discontinuities, such as faults, natural fractures and joints, which have significant influences on the propagation of hydraulic fractures. Especially in tight sand and shale reservoir, etc., natural fracture affects the network fractures after hydraulic fracture treatment. A series of hydraulic fracture tests are conducted to investigate the propagation in a rock with discontinuities under different in-situ stresses utilizing a tri-axial fracturing test system. The results show that the horizontal stress difference has a critical value (5~7 MPa), below which the hydraulic fracture cannot cross the discontinuities. The larger the both strike angle and stress contrast coefficient, the easier the hydraulic fractures cross the discontinuities. The weak relationship between strike angle of discontinuities and hydraulic fracture propagation is demonstrated. The hydraulic fractures need to accumulate enough energy for crossing the discontinuities. There is an obvious difference in the treatment curves between the crossing and no-crossing experiments. The peak pressure of the treatment curve decreases as the minimum distance (noted as DNF) between the center of hydraulic fractures and discontinuities in reservoir increases. The strike angle is a key factor for the propagation of hydraulic fractures compared with the dip angle of discontinuities. It is necessary to obtain occurrence of a discontinuity and in-situ stress around this discontinuity in order to predict the hydraulic fracture propagation in reservoir. According to the characteristics of the treatment curve, whether the hydraulic fracture crosses the discontinuity and to qualitatively calculate the DNF or not can be judged, and it is useful for oilfields to evaluate the effect of hydraulic fractures.
- hydraulic fracture /
- discontinuity /
- in-situ stress /
- fracture propagation

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参考文献(15)

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